8^th Annual Pharma Middle East Congress October 10-12, 2016 Dubai, UAE

Biography:

Ladislav Novotny was born on October 5, 1955 in Svitavy, Czechoslovakia. He had obtained his Bachelor’s Degree in Pharmaceutical Science from Kharkov Pharmaceutical Institute, Ukraine in 1980; Doctor of Pharmaceutical degree from Charles University in 1981; Doctor of Philosophy degree from Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences in Prague in 1984; Doctor of Science degree from Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava in 1997. He is working as a Professor of Pharmaceutical Chemistry in Kuwait University, since 1998. He is the acting dean of Faculty Pharmacy, since 2003. He is the member of Kuwait Pharmaceutical Association, European Association Cancer Research, American Association Cancer Research, Slovak Pharmacol. Society, Slovak Pharmaceutical Society. He contributed more than 140 articles to reputed Science journals.

Abstract:

Bleomycin, the first-line treatment for many cancers, is present in the clinical administrations as a mixture of related glycopeptides - bleomycin A2 (55-70 %) and bleomycin B2 (25-32 %) together with other minor components. For better understanding of the mechanism of action of different bleomycin fractions, especially the relation to bleomycin resistance, a development of the powerful analytical method with the reliable identification and quantitation of bleomycin in pharmaceutical and biological matrices is highly important. Methods used for the analysis of bleomycins include the approaches based on HPLC-UV with an ion-pair reagent precluding a combination of HPLC and mass spectrometry. Therefore, in this work, an HPLC method based on HILIC (hydrophilic interaction chromatography) principles was proposed for the separation, identification and determination of both major bleomycin fractions when using an on-line combined MS detection (Q-TOFMS). The performance parameters of the HPLC-Q-TOFMS method showed high reliability, selectivity and sensitivity of the method with ng/ml-pg/ml LOD and determination of the accurate molecular weight of the analytes. The applications reported include determination of the bleomycin A2 and B2 in the commercial infusions and identification of bleomycin A2 and B2 in plasma samples. It may be concluded that the proposed HPLC-Q-TOFMS method is a powerful tool for the separation, identification and determination of two major bleomycin fractions with a possibility to determine an accurate molecular weight of these fractions in the samples. The exact characterization as well as simple, sensitive and reliable monitoring in variable multicomponent matrices is made possible by our method.

Biography:

Pierrick NUN has completed his PhD in 2009 from Montpellier University, France, where he worked on the application of alternative methodologies as mechanochemistry in organic solvent-free synthesis. After post-doctoral positions at St Andrews University, Scotland, on gold catalysis, and University of Caen, France, on phosphine-boranes reactivity, he was appointed assistant professor in Nantes in 2012. He is currently working on applications of iqNMR in environmental and pharmaceutical sciences and has published 27 papers and book chapters in peer-reviewed journals.

Abstract:

Nowadays several analytical techniques are available to help characterize pharmaceutical compounds: physical profile, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, liquid or gas chromatography, NMR. These techniques make it possible to assess the identity and the purity of the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API), the eventual presence of impurities and/or solvent traces and their abundance. On the basis of such information, a fingerprint of the drug can be established: this can be used to compare it with possible counterfeit APIs. Nevertheless, in many cases it is probable that the same synthetic route and identical purification techniques will have been used. In these circumstances, no significant differences will be seen between the two sources of medicine. Moreover, these analyses cannot, in most cases, give any information on the origin of the reagents and solvents used, or on the synthetic pathway chosen if no characteristic impurities are detected. The EBSI team (Elucidation of Biosynthesis by Isotopic Spectrometry, partner 1) has a highly-developed experience in NMR and, more precisely, in isotope ratio monitoring by NMR (irm-NMR). Quantitative 13C NMR has already been successfully applied to a range of molecules including glucose, vanillin, paracetamol and aspirin and used to show the position-dependent isotopic fractionation occurring during reactions or purifications. Two different applications will be presented here: (i) can irm-NMR give an answer in the actual debate around the origin of Tramadol, natural or anthropogenic? (ii) could the isotopic fingerprint provide a unique tool for the authentication of drugs, depending of their synthesis, manufacturer or the origin of reactants?

Biography:

Dong-Kwon Rhee has completed his PhD at University of Illinois at Chicago in 1988 and Post-doctoral studies from Yale University School of Medicine. He was the Director of World Class University at Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) one of the fastest rising universities in the World and School of Pharmacy ranked at the top 45th. He has published 159 papers in reputed journals and is serving as a president of Korean Society of Ginseng.

Abstract:

More than 50% of sepsis cases are caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), and hospital mortality related to sepsis comprises 52% of all hospital deaths. Therefore, sepsis is a medical emergency, and any treatment against the agent that produces it, is welcome. Here, the protective effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) extract against pneumococcal infection and sepsis was elucidated. KRG-pre-treated mice (100 mg/kg of KRG) had significantly higher survival rates and body weights than those of the non-treated controls; KRG-pre-treated mice had lower bacterial number and morbidity than those of the non-treated controls. 100 mg/kg of KRG administration decreased cytokine levels including TNF-α and IL-1β, nitric oxide level, and neutrophil infiltration 48 h post-infection, in vivo. In pneumococcal infection, KRG pre-treatment downregulated TLR 4 and TNF-É‘ expressions in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells and increased cell survival by activating PI3K/AKT signaling. Taken together, 100 mg/kg of KRG appeared to protect host cells from lethal pneumococcal sepsis by inhibiting inflammation as well as by enhancing bacterial clearance thereby reinforcing cell survival against pneumococcal infection.

Biography:

Fabiola Porta has studied Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology in Milan at Universita’ degli studi, where she has obtained her Master’s degree in Pharmacy in 2008. She then moved to the Leiden Institute of Chemistry where she graduated in Chemistry with a special focus in nanoparticles synthesis and characterization. After the completion of her PhD, she started to work as Post doctorate and joined the group of Prof. Huwyler at University of Basel. She is currently developing novel polymer based nanoparticles as drug delivery systems. She is particularly interested in the design of innovative smart responsive nanovesicles.

Abstract:

Polymer vesicles are attracting much attention as alternative nano-delivery system to implement drug targeting strategies. Polymersomes have several interesting features; for instance, ease of chemical modification of the polymer chains can be used to modulate their tissue specificity and organ distribution. A wide variety of polymers is available, however a good candidate for pharmaceutical formulations is the di-block copolymer poly(dimethylsiloxane)-b-poly(2-methyloxazoline) (PDMS-PMOXA). This polymer is formed by two subunits which are FDA approved for use in human and for pharmaceutical applications. In this work, we present an innovative polymer vesicle formulation with PDMS-PMOXA di-block copolymer able to specifically target hepatocytes. PDMS-PMOXA polymersomes have been chemically modified with asialofetuin (AF), a desialylated glycoprotein whose uptake is mediated by the hepatocyte asialoglycoprotein receptor. AF was conjugated on the surface of PDMS-PMOXA polymer vesicles. The protein retained the initial functionality upon chemical modification, allowing a successful uptake of polymersomes in human liver carcinoma cells (HepG2). Active uptake of modified PDMS-PMOXA polymersomes was successfully demonstrated using fluorescence activating cell sorting (FACS) analysis. Biocompatibility of PDMS-PMOXA polymer vesicles has been investigated using an alternative animal model as the zebrafish. PDMS-PMOXA polymer vesicles have shown similar properties compared to long circulating nanoparticles; moreover, they uniformly disperse in the blood circulation, and no protein aggregation was observed. In conclusion, active targeting of HepG2 cells using AF modified PDMS-PMOXA polymersomes was successfully achieved. We envision that PDMS-PMOXA polymersomes can act as a platform to develop innovative drug delivery systems with tunable features for clinical applications.

Biography:

Amna Beshir Medani has completed her PhD from University of Khartoum and Post-doctoral studies from University of Khartoum, School of Veterinary Medicine. She is an Associate Professor of Pharmacology and Toxicology UMST, Faculty of Pharmacy, a premier founder of Toxline.org, and a member of many international organizations and bodies. She has published more than 27 papers in reputed journals and conferences and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.

Abstract:

This workshop was prepared to elevate the standard of knowledge of toxinology from microbial sources among the medical and paramedical staff who are concerned with the treatment of patients poisoned by natural sources of toxins, classify microbial toxins and relate these classes to certain geographical area. This is to ease diagnosis in case of suspicion, facilitate the availability of antidotes in the appropriate geographical districts in relation to microbial toxin back ground, enhance easy, toxin-specified and economic models of research, connect personnel interested in this field, train them and lead an open access for contact between them. This in turn will ease communication between companies investing in therapy and the medical staff (Toxicology personnels, Emergency room staff, First aid personnel, Lay public in highly endemic areas, Community and public health personnel, Drug biotechnology manufacturers and Other interested segments). This course contains an introduction (1 hour) (History, culturally associated stories and social legends), a classification (1 hour) according to origin and geographical distribution , causes of intoxication due to toxins from microbial origin (2 hour).

Biography:

Christina Yuen Ki Leung completed two Bachelor degrees in England, BSc Management Sciences degree followed by the BPharm Pharmacy degree. Following the registration as a pharmacist in the UK, she worked in different London Teaching Hospitals for 16 years. In the last 12 years in UK, she specialized in Paediatrics (especially in PICU and Paediatric Liver), Obstetrics and Gynaecology. She published two articles relating to drugs use in paediatric liver diseases in the UK Children Liver Diseases Magazine. She is also a registered pharmacist in Hong Kong and she is currently working as the Senior Pharmacist (Clincial Pharmacy in Charge) at the HKU-SZH in China. She is also the Honorary Lecturer at the University of Hong Kong. She delivers lectures to the Master and Undergraduate Pharmacy students relating to Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.

Abstract:

HKU-SZH has adopted the good pharmacy practices from the West and has implemented an advanced clinical pharmacy system. We regard medication safety and quality of patient care as our highest priorities. We have implemented a number of quality improvement plans since opening. The clinical pharmacists join the doctor-led ward rounds on high risk wards, e.g. ICU. For newly admitted in-patients, the pharmacists carry out medication reconciliation and the information is recorded in the electronic prescribing system. They check the prescriptions for clinical appropriateness and provide drug information. Pharmacists involve actively in the warfarin patient counseling service and stroke clinical pathway on the wards. The pharmacists also liaise closely with the doctors to prepare management policies and guidelines, e.g. high alert drugs policy and Fentanyl patch guideline. Clinical pharmacists participate in the smoking cessation clinic, paediatric and adult respiratory clinics, diabetic clinic to provide patient counseling services. In addition, clinical pharmacists deliver drugs-related educational talks to the patients in the cardiac rehabilitation centre, endocrine ward, and in the out-patient forum (examples of talks: drugs use in hepatitis, safe and effective use of insulin, effective use of inhalation devices, and medication safety in children. Clinical Pharmacists have prepared over 40 patient drug information leaflets and 5 videos relating to inhalation skills to enhance patients’ education. All these improvement plans are to enhance medication safety and optimization of drugs use. The clinical pharmacists have learnt that all these cannot be achieved without an effective multi-disciplinary teamwork and a commitment in continuous quality improvements.

Biography:

Zhen-Fang Lin is the Assistant Professor of School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University in Taiwan. She holds a PhD in Pharmacy from National Taiwan University and a MPH in Public Health from University of Minnesota.

Abstract:

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a major cause of death and hospital admissions of old people. Clinical trials have reported the benefits of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), aspirin, beta-blockers, clopidogrel, and statins for reducing the incidence of morbidity and mortality after ACS, but little is known about the effects of comorbidities and their possible association with re-hospitalizations of ACS patients. The objective of our study was to assess whether there are any associations between the age of patients and re-hospitalization for ACS, and between ten relatively common comorbidities – atrial fibrillation, dementia, diabetes mellitus, heart failure, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, liver disease, peripheral vascular disease, renal disease, and schizophrenia – and re-hospitalization for ACS. A retrospective cohort study of all patients recorded as hospitalized in Taiwan for ACS between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2010 was conducted using claims data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) 2005-2011. The relationship between use of up to five medications and a re-hospitalization for ACS was analyzed using a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model. The study identified 212,110 patients with ACS; the mean age was 66.0±12.9; and 34.6% were female. A higher number of medications was found to be associated with lower risk of re-hospitalization for ACS, in particular in the 5-medications group (adjusted HR=0.72, 95%, CI: 0.65-0.81, HR=0.72, 95%, CI: 0.61-0.85, for men and women respectively). No significant association between a higher number of medications and a decreased risk of re-hospitalization for ACS was seen among the youngest age group (age<45 years old) or the oldest age group (age≥75 years old). A non-significant additive effect was found among patients with renal disease, heart failure, and dementia. Further research needs to be undertaken to clearly identify the associations between comorbidities, co-medications, gender, age, and treatments and outcomes of patients with cardiovascular diseases, to provide better evidence-based treatment in the coming era of personalized cardiovascular medicine.

Biography:

Randall Bjork is a neurologist from North Dakota who has been in practice for over three decades, mostly in Colorado, emphasizing humane and ethical dementia care. Twenty years ago, he advocated economy-of-scale dementia care with the concept of Lotus Health, which he will present here at our Dubai conference. He was involved in dementia treatment research from the early days of Cognex. He has conducted research with Aricept treatment and MRS evaluation in Down-Alzheimer patients. Dr. Bjork is co-author of a paper being presented here by his Swedish colleague, Dr. Lindau, from The University of Stockholm. He is now involved in a multi-center ketamine treatment protocol of treatment-resistant depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. He has lectured worldwide, contributed to the literature of cardiac arrest, stroke, myoclonus, Alzheimer disease, prionoses and has recently published a children's book, The ABCs of You, Volume I, available on Amazon. He has supervised mission medical work in Costa Rica and Nepal. He is an avid motorcyclist, restaurateur, cancer survivor and retired helicopter pilot.

Abstract:

The neuropharmacological treatment of the dementing illnesses, primarily senile dementia of the Alzheimer type, has emphasized central cholinergic augmentation or glutamatergic modulation for the past few decades. More enlightened and, perhaps, disease-modifying strategies have been considered since late last millennium—some of which are close to coming into the clinical arena. Advances in slowing or reversing the progression of neurodegeneration have not, regrettably, proceeded pari passu, with significant developments in biomarker-based diagnosis of the neurodegenerative diseases. Senile dementia of the Alzheimer type, parkinsonian disorders, diffuse Lewy body disease, fronto-temporal dementia, cortico-basal degeneration and the prionoses can be diagnosed with confidence ante-mortem, but current treatments have been, at the very least, clinically disappointing and, most disturbing, a fountain of false hope for patients and their families. This schism between intellectually exciting early diagnostic measures and worthwhile disease-modifying treatments has led to an ethical dilemma: Should a patient be subjected to an early diagnosis of a neurodegenerative disorder when there is no meaningful treatment? This lecture will present a review of biomarkers and their current place in research and clinical practice, including implications of amyloid/tau imaging. Potential disease-modifying treatments of the future will be presented, with discussion of hypothesized molecular mechanisms of action and potential economic impact. An economy-of-scale, futuristic view of ethical and humane long-term care for those afflicted with neurodegenerative diseases will be presented, because the current model of residential care is not sustainable.

Biography:

Dabouz holds a PhD in Statistics with a broad industry experience as well academic international oncology group, in Europe and Canada. In addition to her many accomplishments in Biostatistics/Data Management at Sanofi and BCIRG, she also leverages her experience in “data quality” on applying innovative approaches in the field of biostatistics, data management and medical writing to improve data processing. Dabouz has a strong experience in training site investigators and operational teams, covering all data aspects, mainly demystifying statistics in clinical trials. Dr Dabouz is certified/active member of SOCRA and SCDM education committee, providing webinars and online courses.

Abstract:

Clinical research is a cornerstone of evidence-based medicine as well as a branch of healthcare sciences that determines the safety and effectiveness of medications, devices, diagnostic products and treatment regimens intended for human use. Clinical research is of great value to medical practitioners/institutions but most importantly to patients and the society as a whole. The landscape for clinical trials has continued to evolve and change over the last twenty years. Clinical trials have become more complicated but not more efficient. The increased complexity of today’s clinical trials is associated with reduced patient enrollment and retention, higher risk for protocol amendments, and longer and more costly clinical trials. Clinical trials expand more globally to take advantage of the large treatment naive population in emerging and developing countries. However, there are key factors that need to be taken into considerations to ensure the clinical trials are successful. Concerns such as qualified data and limited number of trained operational team, have deterred pharmaceuticals to conduct their research. Increasing regulation, rising costs, and the number and complexity of clinical trials being conducted are forcing sponsors to be smart and creative in how they conduct clinical research. The advanced technology (EDC, ePRO..) as well as the FDA risk-based guidance and the EMA reflection paper have opened a door to the risk-based monitoring (RBM) paradigm that will help in ensuring trial integrity and validity. Good clinical research must be built upon sound ethical and scientific practice as well as a “data quality culture” within the organization.

Biography:

Maria Lindau is a Licensed Psychologist and PhD, and is an Associate Professor at the Dept. of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden. She has about 20 publications, and 15 years of experience as neuropsychologist and researcher at memory clinics at Karolinska and Uppsala University Hospitals. She is Bachelor of Arts in History, French and Political Science.

Abstract:

Anosognosia or lack of awareness of one's disabilities, is a complex comorbidity in frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke and schizophrenia. Anosodiaphoria, or lack of concern about one's symptoms, is foremost seen in FTD. In our study of anosognosia and anosodiaphoria in AD and mild cognitive impairment two opposite patterns emerged: in MCI, the better preserved the cognitive ability, the greater the perceived seriousness and worries about the decline, in AD, the lower the cognitive function, the lower the experienced cognitive loss and concern about the deterioration. Our interpretation was that anosognosia and anosodiaphoria increase with the severity of the neurodegeneration, which converge with findings in several other studies. The most plausible is that anosognosia is associated with right hemispheric disturbance. There are contradictory findings about anosognsosia in MCI. Some studies have observed anosognosia in MCI, whereas others have found that MCI patients sometimes over-report their difficulties, which may make them more prone to adhere to treatment than AD patients, whose motivation to medical consultation or pharmacological therapy may be low, since they do not consider themselves as being ill. Memory deficits may also make AD patients forget their medication or physician appointments. Additional analyses with linear regression models of the data from both diagnostic groups (n=21) in our study revealed that episodic memory deficits may explain 30.6% of the variance in anosognosia, p= 0.01, a pattern that has been corroborated by De Carolis et al., 2015. Initial over-rating of difficulties and later a denial of them in a progressive disorder suggest that there is a breaking point where the over-rating starts to decline, e.g. due to memory loss. During the presentation the main findings of our study will be discussed, as well as quantitative breaking points for a shift from an overestimation to an underestimation of difficulties, as well as strategies to handle problems with drug treatment and care of patients not aware of being ill.

Biography:

Abstract:

The associations IFBV-BELHERB from Luxembourg and M4L from France have established a working relationship with African universities. Several of these partners have run clinical trials with Artemisia annua. In all these trials, a therapeutical effect of 95% or higher was confirmed by the use over 7 days of whole leaf infusion, capsules or tablets. It was surprising that the artemisinin content had little impact on the results. But the most important finding, especially in Kenya and Uganda, was that people who drink one or two cups of Artemisia tea per week became immune against malaria. At Lubumbashi, RD Congo Dr. C Kansango has shown in 2014 that Artemisia annua and Artemisia afra raised CD4+. In fact the antimalarial properties of Artemisia plants other than Artemisia annua are no surprise. The Chinese favored Artemisia apiacea and the French in Algeria during 100 years protected their soldiers against malaria with Artemisia absinthium. In 2015, medical doctors in RD Congo have run randomized clinical trials on a large scale in the Maniema province with the participation of some 1000 malaria infected patients. The trials compared Artemisia annua and afra with ACTs (Coartem and ASAQ). For all the parameters tested herbal treatment was significantly better than ACTs: faster clearance for fever and parasitemia, absence of parasites and gametocytes as confirmed by PCR on day 28 for 99.5% of the Artemisia treatments and 79.5% only for the ACT treatments. A total absence of side effects was evident for the treatments with the plants, but for the 498 patients treated with ACTs, 210 suffered from diarrhea, and/or nausea, pruritus, hypoglycemia etc. The efficiency was equivalent for Artemisia annua and afra. In parallel with the clinical trials against malaria, the same team has completed another large scale randomized, double blind trial against schistosomiasis, Artemisia vs Praziquantel. The results confirm previous anecdotic results. Both arms in this trial had 400 infected patients. The treatment efficiency was 97% in the Artemisia arm and 71% in the Praziquantel arm. No side effects were noticed in the Artemisia treatment. Praziquantel caused vomiting in 26.5% of the patients, abdominal pain in 18.5%, cephalalgy in 15.5%. Very impressive is the fact that the Artemisia led to an unexpected almost complete absence of eggs in feces after 2 months. In 2016 clinical trials have been run against Tuberculosis and Buruli ulcer with Artemisia annua and afra. Screening trials in 2015 had been promising and these recent large scale, randomized, double blind have resulted in an obvious therapeutic effect against Mycobacteria, not only tuberculosis but also Buruli ulcer. After three weeks of treatment the Ziehl stain assay is negative for alcohol-resistant bacteria. All these trials are run in compliance with the WHO protocol, approval of the health authorities of the country, full-fledged ethical approval and encouragements of WHO-Afro.

Biography:

Fasiha Shah has completed her MPhil from Punjab University, Pakistan in 2007. Her research topic for MPhil was probiotics. She is working at different teaching posts in RAK Medical & Health Sciences University from 2008 till date as Senior Lecturer and has published around 4 papers as first author and 2 papers as second author.

Abstract:

Delivery of Nutraceuticals using microemulsions-A literature review: Nutraceutical product is a food or fortified food product that not only supplements the diet but also assists in treating or preventing disease, so provides medical benefits. They can be considered non-specific biological therapies used to promote general well-being, control symptoms and prevent malignant processes. They can be classified on the basis of their natural sources, pharmacological conditions, as well as chemical constitution of the products. Most often they are grouped in the following categories: Dietary supplements, functional food, medicinal food and pharmaceuticals. The most common nutra-molecules are phytosterols, lycopenes, vitamin E, luteins, CoQ10 and others. IN the market nutraceuticals are seen in many forms: Some in powdered form, some encapsulated as soft gels, others are dissolved and sold as liquid solutions. Different types of pharmaceutical systems are used to deliver nutraceuticals but stability is a problem. One of the best options explored to solve these problems can be microemulsions.

Biography:

David W. Moskowitz is a well-trained nephrologist and founder, CEO, and Chief Medical Officer of GenoMed, a next Generation DM(tm) company (DM = Disease Management)

Abstract:

Vertically integrated pharmaceutical companies, which flourished during the past 150 years, have merged into just a few giant companies in the US and Europe. They perform R&D, drug manufacturing, as well as sales and marketing. Although huge, the few companies left, like Pfizer, Merck, and Sanofi, can only develop a handful of drugs a year, since each drug costs over $1B to bring to market. But the various -omics ensure that there are more drug targets now than ever before. The few remaining research pharmaceutical companies have their hands full developing the 3 or 4 drugs they each have. Big Pharma no longer wants to joint venture with biotech companies to develop any additional drugs. This leaves room for many new entrants into the field: companies with targets and drugs they believe in, but no research pharmaceutical partners. Assuming $5-10M investment can be found (see above), how should it be spent to maximize value to the investor? The riskiest part of drug discovery and development is the preclinical phase. This is the part scientists love. It's also the least expensive. There are thousands of biologists and chemists in universities throughout the world who would be delighted to participate in drug discovery and early testing. Each lab would need only money for supplies; labor could be free, consisting of graduate students, post-docs, or even talented undergraduates. Collaborators could be found through PubMed. What academic scientist wouldn't be delighted to put a graduate student to work on a project that would bring a little more money into the lab? This should have special appeal for universities in developing countries, or schools in the First World which currently get little research support.

Biography:

Jose F Abisambra completed his PhD and Post-doctoral studies in 2010 and 2013, respectively, at the University of South Florida. He is a Principal Investigator in the Tau Research Lab at the University of Kentucky. He has published more than 23 papers in reputed journals and serves as Editorial Board Member of the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease. His work is supported by the National Institutes of Health (NINDS, NIA, NIGMS, NCATS, and NIMHD), the US Department of Defense, and the Alzheimer’s Association.

Abstract:

Tauopathies are a group of more than twenty known debilitating neurodegenerative disorders that affect nearly eight million people in the United States. Currently, there is no cure for tauopathies, and there are temporary and limited benefits to current therapeutic strategies. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensor PERK (protein kinase R-like ER kinase) has been identified as a participant in the pathogenesis and progression of tauopathies. However, the mechanism by which the PERK pathway causes neuronal dysfunction is still unknown. In this study, we treated rTg4510 tau transgenic mice at a stage when tau pathology is rampant and cognitive function is impaired with a novel and potent PERK inhibitor. The treatment significantly reduced hyperphosphorylated tau species and led to improvement of neuronal function, as determined with a sensitive and innovative imaging technique called manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) with quantitative R1 mapping. We also found that PERK inhibition mediated these improvements via a pathway that is independent of eIF2. Our results show a novel mechanism of PERK-mediated tau phosphorylation that potentiates pathogenesis and progression of tau pathology. Future efforts aim to delineate the mechanism ruling the tau-PERK relationship. Finally, this study suggests that PERK is a viable therapeutic target to ameliorate neuronal function in tauopathies.

Biography:

Jean-Baptiste Vannier has completed his PhD from Blaise Pascal University (Clermont-Fd, France) and Post-doctoral studies from CRICK Institute (Clare Hall Laboratories, UK). He is the group leader of Telomere Replication & Stability group, at MRC-Clinical Sciences Centre (London). He has published Cell and Science papers and is recipient of Career Development Award from MRC and 2014 ERC starting Grant (UE grant).

Abstract:

RTEL1 (Regulator of TElomere Length 1) is an essential DNA helicase that plays a critical role in genome stability and is a potential tumour suppressor identified as a susceptibility locus for glioma. RTEL1 is also mutated in a severe form of Dyskeratosis Congenita, Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome (HHS), which is characterized by bone marrow failure, immunodeficiency and developmental defects. HHS-causing mutations have also been identified in several telomerase components including, DKC1, CTC1 and TIN2. RTEL1 deficiency reflects a defect in dismantling toxic recombination intermediates but how this function contributes to telomere dysfunction and tumourigenesis was not known. Using biochemistry and mouse genetics, I established that RTEL1 utilizes its D-loop disruption activity to promote telomere loop disassembly, which is essential for preventing catastrophic telomere processing by the SLX1-SLX4 nuclease complex and loss of the telomere as a circle. RTEL1 has a second function at telomeres in unwinding telomeric G-quadruplex DNA structures that is required to facilitate telomere replication and suppress telomere fragility. RTEL1 executes these two functions through different binding activities mediated via an interaction with PCNA and/or telomeric factor TRF2. Although RTEL1-Replisome deficient mice are viable, loss of the RTEL1-Replisome interaction significantly accelerates the onset of tumourigenesis and predisposes to medulloblastomas in p53 deficient mice. Collectively, the data revealed that RTEL1 plays a critical role genome stability and tumour avoidance and elucidates the mechanism of action of RTEL1 in cells and propose why patients with RTEL1 mutations suffer severe telomere defects.

Biography:

Julian combines his research fellowship at the Royal Hospital for Neuro-disability with the role of Clinical Services Manager for leading UK Arts Therapies provider Chroma. His was awarded the Knapp Research Prize for his Palliative Care MSc Thesis from Kings College London, and a PhD Mobility Fellowship in Music Therapy with Aalborg University in 2010. He has published widely in the fields of music therapy and neuro-rehabilitation, and is currently Associate Editor for a research topic with Frontiers in Human Neuroscience titled ‘Dialogues in music therapy and music neuroscience’.

Abstract:

There is a need for standardized, bio-medically informed music therapy (MT) approaches in the assessment and rehabilitation of those with prolonged disorders of consciousness (PDOC), or Vegetative and Minimally Conscious States (VS/MCS). In particular, support and maintenance of arousal is essential for effective assessment of awareness and rehabilitation. Whilst pharma solutions are essential, MT may offer a cost effective, non-invasive complimentary treatment. Furthermore MT has no documented adverse side effects, and unlike other behavioral assessments is not dependent on verbal processing in patients. This perspective informs a research program exploring MT with PDOC outlined in this presentation. A summary of findings are detailed, including outcomes from a cross-over study comparing the rehabilitative and prognostic potential of MT to preferred text narration, using neurophysiological and behavioral measures. 12 PDOC patients’ data will be presented, focusing on EEG power spectra, coherence, heart rate variability and behavioral findings. Case material highlights improvements in the clinical state of an MCS patient during MT treatment using the Coma Recovery Scale and EEG measures. Significant differences (p≤ 0.001) in blink rate and arousal levels between MCS and VS patients at rest and in response to both treatments are detailed, with a continuum of neurophysiological responsiveness across cohorts. Findings indicate a significant role for MT in supporting arousal and awareness in PDOC, and for revealing where patients have intact responsiveness to salient stimuli. Implications for the complimentary role of MT alongside established pharma treatments for arousal maintenance and more verbally based behavioral assessments will be discussed.

Biography:

George Trendelenburg after studying human medicine at the University of the Saarland, continued his studies at the Free University in Berlin, where he graduated 1994 and finished his Doctoral thesis at the Free University in Berlin with summa cum laude. In 1996 he joined the Institute for Experimental Stroke research at the Charité University hospital in Berlin (director: Prof. Ulrich Dirnagl) and completed his neurological specification in 2004. His research interest was mainly focused on stroke-related genomics and lead to the identification of several genes which were involved in stroke-pathophysiology. Besides working as a group leader of a stroke-research group at the Charité, Berlin, he was working as consultant Neurologist at the emergency department and at the interdisciplinary neurosurgical-neurological intensive care unit of the neurological department of the Charité, Berlin between 2010-6/2011. Since 2011 he is Professor and Leader of the department of stroke research of the University of Göttingen, Germany and also works as consultant neurologist. He is interested in dissecting the role of the innate immune system in ischemic brain injury with a focus on the complement system and the innate danger receptors. He published more than 30 papers in reputed journals, was awarded by the DAAD and by Maria-Sonnenfeld foundation, and is the Editorial Board Member of Frontiers of Neurology and BMC Genomics.

Abstract:

Brain damage, e.g. by ischemic injury not only causes direct tissue injury by the initial stimulus (e.g. insufficient oxygen supply) itself, but also initiates a complex inflammatory response. These inflammatory mechanisms are supposed to contribute substantially to an expanding demise of brain tissue in the vicinity of the ‘injury core’. However, the inflammatory response is also important for repair (e.g. scar formation), neuronal plasticity, and reconstitution of tissue homeostasis. Thus, a profound knowledge is required when intervening strategies were planned, which target on a reduction of inflammation-related tissue injury, without interfering with beneficial repair pathways. Initiation of the inflammatory cascade is an important step for further brain damage. Data show that different sensors in different models of brain damage may exist, but initiation of inflammation in various injury paradigms obviously involve astonishing similar pathways (e.g. components of the innate immune system, such as ‘danger signals’ and their receptors, the complement system, etc.). In the following talk potential initial events will be discussed in more detail, including ligands which mediate initiation (e.g. ‘danger signals’, of the inflammatory response, their corresponding receptors (such as Toll-like receptors, NLRPs or NOD-like receptors, the inflammasome, etc.), as well as their connected ‘downstream’ pathways. The current concept of a complex interplay between signaling networks and different cell types in the brain is becoming more complex every year. Nevertheless, the current concept of emerging pathways as well as the central mechanisms which were thought to contribute substantially to inflammatory brain injury will be discussed.

Biography:

Mohammad Salhab is an Academic Clinical Fellow in Orthopaedics at the unit with a PhD studentship in pharmaceutics and currently involved in developing the NM. Mr Salhab has published many articles in surgical field and also bioethics and basic science.

Abstract:

Background: Acute pain control following elective primary total knee replacements (TKRs) and total hip replacements (THRs) is often poor and is associated with long term chronic pain syndrome. Moderate to severe pain is often reported in the first 48 hours following surgery requiring different pain modality management strategies such as patient controlled analgesia and multimodal drug analgesia. The Local Infiltration Anaesthetic (LIA) technique is currently an established technique to tackle perioperative pain relief; however, studies have reported conflicting evidence so far. In a recent review of 29 studies investigating the use of LIA in TKR, LIA emerged as a safe technique with improved pain control (Gibbs DMR 2012). We have developed the LIA technique to include an intra-articular catheter allowing an infusion of Novel Mixture (NM) to be infused continuously postoperatively. Aims and Objectives: In this study we report on our experience using LIA in addition to the Novel Technique and Proprietary NM developed in Leeds-Bradford and infiltrated at 4-5 mls/hour for 48 hours post surgery. Materials and Methods: Between October 2013 and October 2015, 62 patients undergoing primary TKR were prospectively followed up. Three groups of patients were studied. All patients studied had spinal anaesthesia (SA) with 300-400mcg diamorphine. Group 1. GA. No LIA and no NM. 20 patients. Group 2. SA plus NM for 48 hours post operatively with catheter placed anteriorly under the patella. 21 patients. Group 3. SA plus LIA plus NM for 48 hours post operatively with catheter placed posteriorly in the knee joint. 21 patients. Between June 2011 and July 2014, 173 consecutive patients undergoing primary THR using the posterior approach were also prospectively followed up. Group 1. GA only. 31 patients, Group 2. SA only. 37 patients, Group 3. SA plus LIA1 only. 38 patients, Group 4. SA plus LIA2 only, 34 patients, Group 5. SA plus NM for 48 hours. 33 patients. Demographics reveal similar distribution between the two groups in terms of age and sex. Results and complications: The patients without LIA or NM required more morphine in the first 12 hours postoperative period than the other groups. Seventy percent (n=14) of these group 1 patients required 10mg morphine following TKR compared to only 2% (n=1) of patients requiring 10mg of morphine when LIA and NM were used. The increased morphine requirement continued for 48 hours postoperatively in group 1, whereas none of the patients in groups 2 or 3 required morphine after 36 hours. Statistical analysis revealed no difference of morphine requirements with different catheter placement. Fewer patients suffered from nausea and vomiting or urinary retention in the group with LIA and NM (p-value <0.05, Mann-Whitney test). There were no infections DVT or other complications in any of the groups. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that patients following TKR treated with LIA and NM for 48 hours after required significantly less morphine during this time. This benefit was most marked in the first 24 hours after surgery and the benefit was maintained for 48hours. Fewer patients required opiate analgesia when LIA plus NM was used compared to the other groups. The highest significance was at 0-12 hrs for patients requiring up to 20mg morphine usage (χ2(2) = 46.713, p = 0.000); and 0-12hrs for patients requiring 30mg morphine usage (χ2(2) = 46.310, p = 0.000).

Biography:

Jaya Krishnan received his BSc (Hons.) and PhD from Imperial College London. He performed his Post-doctoral studies at the ETH-Zurich, Switzerland and currently leads an RNA Therapeutics group at the Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany. He is the Co-founder and CTO of Targeted Transgenesis, a premier Bio-therapeutics company focused on delivering tissue targeted therapeutics and transgenesis for pre-clinical and clinical studies. He has published in prestigious journals including Nature, Cell Metabolism, Blood and Circulation Research and serves as a reviewer for major Governmental, Non-profit and Charitable grant agencies and for numerous academic journals.

Abstract:

Recent efforts have identified a subclass of non-coding RNAs templated at genomic enhancers (eRNAs) with gene regulatory function. Due to their genomic position we postulated their function in modulating signal-dependent tissue-specific transcriptional responses. Here we identify HERNA1, a conserved hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) activated, cardiac-specific e RNA that integrates myocardial hypoxia signaling to regulate expression of a nearby pro-hypertrophic gene cluster in humans and mice. Elevated HERNA1 expression correlates with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, but inversely correlates with dilated cardiomyopathy in humans. Through gain and loss-of-function studies, we observe a requirement for HERNA1 in the development of stress-dependent hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and mechanistically, identify direct HERNA1 interaction at the promoters of its downstream targets. In vivo delivery of antisense oligonucleotides targeting HERNA1 reverses cardiac pathogenesis, inhibits heart failure progression and increases overall survival in animals. These data unveil a novel heart-specific stress-dependent eRNA pathway and unveils a new strategy for tissue/cell type-specific therapeutics.

Biography:

Huiyun Zhang has completed his PhD in Pathophysiology from Shantou University Medical School in 2007 and Post-doctoral studies from the McMaster University in 2014. She is the Director of Pathophysiology Department, Liaoning Medical University, the Associate Director of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, and the Associate Director of of Translational Medicine Research Institute, Liaoning Medical University. She published more than 26 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.

Abstract:

Since accumulated information indicate that there are several distinctive subtypes of regulatory T cell s (Tregs) in man, and each of them seems to play different role in controlling immune system, which complicates the involvement of Tregs in allergy. After introduction of the six subsets of Tregs as well as the corresponding characteristics in our published paper, the role of the individual subsets of these Tregs were studied. And the results showed that Tregs consist of a small proportion of CD4+ T cells, including 5.3% of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ T cells and 0.1% of CD4+CD25+FOXP3- T cells (Tr1 cells) in HC peripheral blood; IL-10+ Tregs are major population of Tregs (up to 75.2%), whereas IL-10+ TGF-β1+ Tregs (iTregs) only occupy approximately 3% Tregs in peripheral blood; Down-regulation of Tregs in allergy is mainly a consequence of reduced number of IL-10+ Tregs in peripheral blood; Not only allergic conditions, but also eczema showed down-regulation of Tregs; Approximately 55.5% Tregs are CD127- in peripheral blood, and this cell population was dramatically enhanced by up to 90% in allergic conditions; CD8+Tregs (CD8+FOXP3+IL-10+) exhibit a small proportion (1.2%) of CD8+ cells in peripheral blood, and they are decreased under allergic conditions; IL-17+Tregs (CD4+CCR6+FOXP3+IL-17+) rarely exist in peripheral blood. Therefore it is proposed that there may be a novel balance between IL-10+ Tregs and CD127-Tregs which suggests that targeting Treg therapy should be focused on these two cell populations.

Biography:

Guilherme Martins Santos completed his Bachelor in Veterinary Medicine in 1997, at the University of Uberlandia, Brazil. In 1998, he did his Master’s and PhD studies in the University of Brasilia in Molecular Pharmacology at and INSERM-Paris, France. In 2005, he went to the UK to start a Post-doc at the MRC-Laboratory of Molecular biology in Cambridge focused on the structural studies of proteins and chromatin. He is currently a Professor of Pharmacology of the Pharmacy School at the Universidade de Brasilia and Founder of Nucleosantos Therapeutics, a start-up that is working on the discovery and development of exogenous Nucleosome-Binding Molecules.

Abstract:

Chromatin is as an extraordinary example of molecular recognition that defines gene expression and genome integrity. Although the essential facts about the nucleosome were already revealed 17 years ago, new insights into its atomic structure and molecular mechanisms are still emerging. In this talk, I will feature the nucleosome surface as a drug target to control chromatin dynamics and phenotypic changes. I will cover the key aspects of chromatin architecture upon binding of protein and exogenous molecules (exogenous Nucleosome Binding Molecules - eNBMs) to the nucleosome. Moreover, I will discuss the impact and development of eNBMs, presenting some of our results in silico, in vitro and in cell-based assays. The particular scientific interest of my group is the basic mechanism of how the structure of chromatin regulates gene transcription. Hence, I will feature the nucleosome surface as a drug target to control chromatindynamics and, consequently, gene expression and genome maintenance. Mainly, we try to understand the impact of Nucleosome Binding Molecules on chromatin architecture and in this conference, I will cover the key aspects of chromatin architecture upon binding of exogenous molecules (exogenous Nucleosome Binding Molecules - eNBMs) to the nucleosome. Moreover, I will discuss the impact and development of eNBMs, presenting some of our results in silico, in vitro and in cell-based assays. Certainly the Gordon Conference focused on Chromatin Structure and Function will be a unique opportunity to discuss our recent findings and establish future collaborations with the greatest scientists in the chromatin field. More importantly, we expect to learn a big deal about the future directions in the chromatin field.

Biography:

Abbas Khani has completed a PharmD program at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in Tabriz, Iran. Following a stay at the Neuroscience Research Center in Tehran, he moved to Switzerland to work towards his PhD. He graduated with a PhD in neuroscience. He worked on functional dissociations between the ACC and OFC and on visual cognition in tree shrews and human subjects. Several publications resulted from his work. He will continue his research at the department of Fundamental Neuroscience at the University of Geneva starting from the 1st of March 2016.

Abstract:

The functional dissociation of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during decision making have been a major focus of research recently. These dissociations have been revealed in several dimensions of decision making including cost processing and dependence on stimulus-guided or action-guided functions. While these dissociations have usually been studied using lesion studies, we have extended such dissociable functions to pharmacological manipulations and showed that cannabinoid system activation in the ACC and OFC results in dissociable disruption of cost-benefit decision making. Putting together the relevant lesion and neuroimaging studies in both human and animal species together with single neuron and pharmacological manipulations, I will discuss the similarities and differences in the role of the ACC and OFC during decision making in psychiatric disorders with a special emphasis on therapeutic opportunities arising from several lines of studies.

Biography:

Hala O El Mesallamy works as Head of Biochemistry Department (since 2001), Professor of Biochemistry (since 2006) and served as Vice Dean for Post-graduates Affairs and Scientific research (2013-2015),), ExVice Dean for Community and Environmental Affairs (2007-2009), Member in the permanent committee (since 2013), Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University. She is the Member in Council Patent of Academy of Scientific Research and Technology in Ministry of Scientific Research (2009-2011), Lecturer and Consultant in UNESCO (since 2008), reviewer in some international journals,) Member in the counseling committee for special prices (since 2012).

Abstract:

The aim of the current study is to investigate the effect of fenofibrate alone and in combination with pioglitazone on serum sirtuin 1 and fetuin A of obese patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Intervention effect on inflammatory parameters was assessed before and after treatment. The study was conducted on 60 postmenopausal females of whom, only 44 patients completed the study. They were distributed as follows; obese patients without T2DM (n=15) who administered fenofibrate (160 mg/day) once for 8 weeks, obese patients with T2DM (n=15) who administered fenofibrate (160 mg/day) once for 8 weeks, obese patients with T2DM (n=14) who administered fenofibrate (160 mg/day) and pioglitazone (15 mg/day) combination once for 8 weeks. We measured fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum lipids. Inflammatory markers (highly sensitive C-reactive protein “hs-CRP”, interleukin-6 “IL-6”, fetuin A, and sirtuin 1) of patients were measured in serum using enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) kits. Sirtuin 1 levels in obese patients with T2DM were significantly lower than its levels in obese patients while fetuin A levels were significantly higher (P<0.001). Fenofibrate, alone and in combination with pioglitazone, significantly decreased triacylglycerol, hs-CRP, IL-6, fetuin A and increased sirtuin 1 levels (P<0.001) which suggests that it can be used to delay the complications of obesity and T2DM. There is a strong correlation between fetuin A, sirtuin 1, IL-6 and hs-CRP levels suggesting a shared common pathway. Fenofibrate was shown to increase serum sirtuin 1 and decrease serum fetuin A levels in obese patients.

Biography:

Cathrine Victor Gabra Boutros had completed her Master Degree in Clinical Pharmacy at the age of 23 years from University of Medical Sciences and Technology. She was appointed as a lecturer of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology at University of Medical Sciences and Technology from 2011 up to 2015. Currently, she is working as a lecturer of Pharmacology and Communication Skills at Nile College. She had published a paper entitled “Epidemiology of substance use among University students in Sudan” in Journal of Addiction, January 2016.

Abstract:

Background Ocular pharmacology is one of the least-managed areas of pharmaceutical care by pharmacists, however, pharmacists play a major role in health promotion towards eye care, they are in a position to advice patients upon the symptoms presented and demonstrate the proper use of ophthalmic drops and ointments. The challenge is to create a new generation of ocular pharmacists who can improve eye care treatment in managed care pharmacy. Objective: This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of pharmacists towards ophthalmic medications. Method: The study was conducted using two methods, the mystery shopper and conventional questionnaire methods for getting the actual and perceived knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) respectively. The study was carried out on randomly selected pharmacies (n= 100) in Khartoum. In collecting data of the actual pharmacist’s (KAP), four scenarios were done by a mystery shopper. The observations were reported immediately after each visit using an observational checklist. In collecting the perceived data of the pharmacist’s (KAP), a conventional questionnaire was designed and distributed to the same pharmacists . The actual and perceived data collected, was analyzed using SPSS. Results: The results collected by the mystery shopper showed that overall performance- including knowledge, attitude and practice- of the studied group of pharmacists was generally poor representing 47% of the total, 38% were average, and only 15% were good. However the questionnaire results was somehow better, as 43% were poor, 28% were average, and 29% were good. Actual data collected by the mystery shopper showed that in scenario one, none of the pharmacists recognized the inappropriate use of tropicamide eye drop in glaucomatous patients, and only 20% (n=5) could recognize the best time for using travoprost eye drop is at evening. In scenario two, only 20% (n=5) could recognize that acyclovir ophthalmic ointment should be used five times a day. Results of scenario three, showed that the majority of the pharmacists 32% (n= 8) provided tetracycline eye ointment for the treatment of acute bacterial conjunctivitis in infants, 36% (n= 9) referred to an ophthalmologist. Scenario four, showed that none of the pharmacists were aware of mast cell stabilizer and its indication as a prophylactic of allergic conjunctivitis. The perceived data collected by the questionnaire showed a better results as the pharmacists were trying to give an ideal answers knowing that they were a part of an assessment study. Conclusion: Pharmacists were found to had poor knowledge, attitude and practice about ophthalmology and its medications. It is recommended to consider curriculum modifications to facilitate learning outcomes needed to practice pharmaceutical care specially in the ophthalmic area.

Biography:

Amna Beshir Medani has completed her PhD from University of Khartoum and Post-doctoral studies from University of Khartoum, School of Veterinary Medicine. She is an Assistant Profesor of Pharmacology and Toxicology UMST, Faculty of Pharmacy, a premier founder of Toxline.org, and a member of many international organizations and bodies. She has published more than 13 papers in reputed journals and conferences and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.

Abstract:

The effects of oral doses of polyDADMAC were daily examined on Nubian goats at two different dose-rates, namely 0.5 mg/kg/day and 2.5 mg/kg/day to group (2) and (3) goats respectively compared to untreated Nile water given to a group (1) of control goats under experimental conditions. Death occurred to variable levels. In polyDADMAC dosed animals clinical signs included dullness, loss of weight, loss of appetite, diarrhea, difficulty in respiration, and recumbence. Postmortem changes included haemorrhagic and congested lungs, congested livers, inflamed intestines in addition to bloated rumens and their kidneys showed fatty changes Oral dosing with polyDADMAC caused lung emphysema ,lymphocyte infiltration and edema. Intestines showed congestion and sloughing of intestinal epithelium, their livers manifested generalized fatty change and lymphocyte infiltration and spleens suffered from haemosiderosis, while the control goats showed normal clinical , postmorteum and histopathological picture. The serum concentrations of GPT, LDH , CK and GOT showed variable changes (P<0.01-P<0.001). Serum metabolites significantly increased (P<0.01) –P<0.01) in urea and creatinine values compared to the control group . Deviated values of electrolytes in serum (P<0.01-P<0.001) from the control values namely, magnesium, iron, sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphrus. Other hematological disorders were manifested mostly by the group of goats received the highest dose. Hepatic and renal dysfunctions, as a sequel to treatment with the under-test polymer, were observed forming a co-related picture which expresses its toxic and sometimes lethal effects.

Biography:

P G Shrotriya MPharm, PhD worked for over four decades in every facet of Pharma Industries in India and overseas and was responsible for creating international quality compliance and approvals for number of organizations. He was Chairman Parenteral Preparation in Indian Pharmacopoeia, Govt. of India. He worked for number of WHO standards for Drugs and Pharmaceuticals. He delivered lectures at national and international levels. He was working with academic institutes and trained students and professionals for International Regulatory Compliance.

Abstract:

Pharma industry is heavily regulated all over the world, rightly so since it deals with human lives. Need for strict regulation was realised and implemented world over after havoc created by Thalidomide. Over a period of three decade industry has seen phenomenon change in acceptance standards of International Regulatory Agencies world over. Setting up of Standards for Organization and preparing Organization for International Regulatory Compliance is a big task for Pharma Industry who would like to be a Global player in manufacturing and Supply Chain Management of Drugs and Pharmaceuticals. Top Management commitment is a must for excellence in Quality System. Support for creating hardware is not enough, where human being plays a major role. Regulatory compliant facility must be supported by a Quality system which has to be made as a culture, a way of working. Dual standards – one for the country and another for Regulated Market does not work. Acceptance level and ensuring adherence to controls is a task to be complied with by every individual. This presentation will cover importance of continuous Training, Development and Monitoring at a regular interval and updating of systems. Scientific Investigation of every observation in a situation and that by International Regulatory Agency will be presented as Case studies – i) Noncompliance to Environmental Controls in a recently completed maintenance of parenteral manufacturing facility. ii) Compliance to Validation requirements in changeover to high speed operation insisted by a Regulatory Agency. iii) Abnormal odour experienced in a bulk pack of Anti-TB drug product supplied to International Regulating Agency. iv) Role of Package design and Environmental control for Antibiotic Suspension – Investigation to Solution. v) Recreating market complaint referred by Importing Regulatory Agency. vi) Issue of not meeting the requirement of weight of content of Capsule referred by a QP of a regulated market.

Biography:

Abstract:

Background Antimicrobial resistance is an emerging global public health problem. Countries of the deve-loping world are mostly affected and Sudan is included. The most serious concern is that some bacteria acquire resistance to almost all routinely used antibiotics. Such bacteria are capable of causing serious infections that are very difficult to treat. We, therefore, were interested in studying the existence and extent of antimicrobial resistance in clinically isolated bacteria. Objectives We aim at studying the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of a group of pathogenic aerobic bacteria that are isolated from patients suffering from infectious conditions and attending different hospitals in Khartoum city. Methodology This is a laboratory-based descriptive study. Clinical isolates were collected from patients attending Soba, Khartoum, Omdurman Paediatric, Omdurman Emergency and Al-Zaytona hospitals in addition to the Jordanian medical centre. Standard bacteriological protocols and the Modified Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion assays were applied. The ethical clearance for conducting this study was obtained from the Ethical Committee Board of UMST and hospitals authorities. Results Out of 150 isolates; 130 [87%] were Gram negative, these included; Escherichia coli [55, 36%], Klebsiella pneumonia [36, 24%], Proteus spp {[24, 16%]: Proteus mirabilis [13, 54%] and Proteus vulgaris [11, 46%]}, Enterobacter spp [6, 4%] and Pseudomonas aeruginosa [9, 6%]. Gram positive bacteria were 20 [13%], these included; 10 [7%] of each of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. Amongst strains of enterobacteria, high resistance was seen with Ampicillin [113, 93%], Amoxicillin [120, 99%], Trimethoprim [110, 91%] and Nalidixic Acid [71, 59%]. Among Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, high resistance was seen with Ampicillin [9, 100%], Amoxicillin [9, 100%], Nalidixic Acid [7, 80%] and Nitrofurantoin [5, 60%]. Amongst strains of enterobacteria, high sensitivity was detected with Amikacin [116, 96%], Tetracyclin [67, 55%], Ciprofloxacin [81, 67%], Gentamycin [97, 100%] and Norfloxacin [108, 94%]. Among Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, high sensitivity was seen with Amikacin [9, 100%], Ciprofloxacin [9, 100%] and Gentamycin [7, 75%]. All [10, 100%] S. aureus strains were resistant to Fusidic Acid. Among Enterococcus faecalis isolates, high resistance was seen with Ampicillin [10, 100%], Vancomycin [8, 80%] and Cefotoxime [7, 70%]. Among S. aureus strains, high sensitivity was seen with Tetracyclin [10, 100%], Gentamycin [8, 80%], Amikacin and Clindamycin [7, 70%], and Methicillin [6, 60%]. Among Enterococcus faecalis strains, high sensitivity was seen with Nitrofurantoin [10, 100%] and Amikacin [7, 70%]. Conclusion According to our findings, we conclude that antimicrobial resistance has emerged and strongly exists in Khartoum, Sudan. Resistance rate is high in aerobic Gram negative bacilli relative to Gram positive cocci. Multi-drug resistance to the easily available and locally used antibiotics is common. We, therefore, encourage clinicians to prescribe suitable alternatives. We, also encourage the health care authority to apply measures to control this problem in Sudan.

Biography:

Suad Yousif Abdalla Alkarib has completed her PhD from University of Khartoum. She is the Founder of College of Pharmacy in Karary University. Previously, she was a Director General Manager for the “Wafrapharma Laboratories Ltd. She is the Member of the Sudanese Medical Council, and also the Member of Scientific Researches committee in Gum Arabic Board (Sudan). She is the Member of the Arab Administrative Development Organization (League of Arab States). She is the Rapporteur of the Industrial Pharmacy Committee in the Pan Arab Colleges of Pharmacy (October-2012). She is the Member of the proposed fellowship in Technology of Industrial Pharmacy (Council of pharmaceutical specialties-Sudan). She has got a Certificate of honor as a leader in the field of pharmacy, and the first female major-general (Jan-2011) Sudan. She received major awards and decorations in Competency - Duty - The national Rescue - Golden defence. She has published more than ten papers in different journals and conferences.

Abstract:

Introduction: Gum arabic is a complex, loose aggregate of sugars and hemicelluloses composed of Arabic acid nucleus connected with calcium, magnesium, potassium and sugars Arabinose, Galactose, and Rhamnose. It is found in mechanically ground or spray dried forms. The solubility varies between 2 hours in the raw gum form and 20 minutes in spray dried form. This study tended to enhance the solubility by producing an instant soluble granulated form. Methodology: The study was performed using atomized fluid bed drier. 50 kg of raw gum, subjected first to mechanical comminuting into powder, then treated with water by spraying at rate of 200 ml/min for 90 minutes. The inlet temperature was 70oC, and the outlet temperature was 40o C. Finally after water treatment process, the powder resized through Mesh size of 40 micrometer and the microbial test was done for the finished product. Results: The solubility of the granulated instant soluble gum in room temperature was found to be less than 2 minutes compared to the spray dried form which is 20 to 30 minutes and 2 hours for mechanical ground gum. The volume increased to three times compare to the mechanical form. Conclusions: Granulation of gum under water spray significantly enhances the solubility and hence it is beneficial for uses in pharmaceutical technology as a binder, suspending agent, surface active agent and tablet coating materials.

Biography:

Amna Beshir Medani Ahmed has completed her PhD at the age of 35 years from University of Khartoum. She is the founder of Toxline .org , a new approach to connect professionals around chemical safety for the human , animal and environment safety. She has published more than 24 papers in reputed journals and conferences.

Abstract:

Cinnamaldehyde a food flavor has a high human consumption. In this study, we evaluated toxic effect of cinnamaldehyde on rats liver and kidneys. Rats were separated into 4 groups, each group containing 5 rats. The first group is control which did not receive doses of cinnamaldehyde. Second group received 500mg/kg/day (ED50), third group received 1200 mg/kg/day (TD50) and last group received 1900mg/kg/day (LD50) of cinnamaldehyde in food for period of 2 weeks. Then, sufficient amount of blood samples were collected in tube (containing lithium heparin anticoagulant), plasma was separated by centrifugation 300RBM for 3 times. Then, GOT, ALP, urea and creatinine tests were performed using Mindary BS-200 instrument. The data was collected and analyzed by variance statistical methods using SAS statistical package version (9.1) which showed a significant increase in ALP enzyme level and urea that indicated abnormalities in liver and kidney function but did not show a significant change in GOT level and creatinine. Thus the study showed that cinnamaldehyde can cause liver and kidney abnormalities and this effect is dose related, so there must be awareness and rational use of cinnamaldehyde within margin of safety and lethality as shown in the study.

Biography:

Pierre Lutgen is the founder of NGO, IFBV-BELHERB in Luxembourg. Since 5 years the NGO IFBV from Luxembourg has established a working relationship with African universities, in close cooperation with other European research institutions.

Abstract:

Since 9 years the association IFBV-BELHERB from Luxembourg has established a working relationship with African and South American universities, in close cooperation with other European research institutions. Several of these partners have run clinical trials with Artemisia annua tea. In all these trials a therapeutical effect of 95% or higher was confirmed by the use over 7 days of whole leaf infusion, capsules or tablets. One of the surprising effects noticed in these trials was that that the artemisinin content had very little impact on the results. This lead us to make an analysis as complete as possible of all the constituents, organic and inorganic, in a large series of A. annua samples from different origins. A. annua from Luxembourg which had shown very promising antimalarial results, excellent bactericidal properties and a strong anti-inflammatory effect contained very little artemisinin but higher concentrations of certain essential oils. The effect of water soluble polysaccharides, amino acids, phytosterols and saponins has been neglected in the past because most of the A. annua extracts had been obtained with organic solvents. Several papers have shown that A. annua ingested as powdered leaves or in conjunction with fatty food significantly increases the artemisinin concentration in the blood. It is well documented in the literature that A. afra or sieberi which contain little or no artemisinin are extensively used as antimalarials. They contain at least 5 molecules of the same antimalarial efficacy as artemisinin. Recent double blind, randomized clinical trials with 1000 patients in RD Congo show that Artemisia afra is equivalent to A. annua and has a higher efficiency than ACTs. More recent research from the Al Quds University has shown that aqueous infusions of several Artemisia species strongly inhibit beta-hematin, like chloroquine did. But the most important finding in several of the clinical trials, especially in Kenya and Uganda, was that people who drink one or two cups of A. annua tea per week become immune against malaria. Similar strong prophylactic results have been obtained with ARTAVOL, a mixture of herbs developed by the Ministry of Health in Uganda, mixture containing Artemisia without artemisinin. Resistance in this case is not related to the killing power of one single molecule like artemisinin but to the polytherapy of the whole plant which not only eliminates the parasites but boosts the immune system, avoiding thus infection, reinfection or recrudescence.

Biography:

Rania Al Dweik is a PhD candidate expected to complete her PhD in December 2015 from University of Ottawa, School of Public Health. Most of her experience was in Drug Regulation.

Abstract:

Aim: The objective of this study is to evaluate the importance of patient ADR reporting on Pharmacovigilance activites. Method: Phase I is systematic review to identify factors influancing patients reporting. Phase II is descriptive analysis of all ADRs reports received by Health Canada over the last 10 years. Phase III, aninterpretative descriptive will be used to explore usability of the Canadian Vigilance systems by patients. Results: Of 1435 citation reviewed, 22 studies published in 26 papers were appraised. These studies mainly focused on factors affecting patients reporting of ADRs. None of thes studies conducted at North America. Sixteen out of 22 reviewed studies described barriers to the reporting process included: Poor awareness of ADR reporting systems; difficulties with reporting procedure and forms; lack of feedback to ADRs submitted by the patients; confusion as to who reports ADRs and to whom they are reported; poor economic status; ADRs resolved; and prior negative reporting experience. Another 11 out of the 22 reviews studies described the motives for reporting ADRs by patients and those included: prevent others from similar ADRs; inform regulatory bodies, drug manufacturer, HCPs, and public; improve drug safety and medication leaflet and enhance scientific knowledge; (4) improve HCP practices; (5) failure of HCPs to report their ADRs; asked to report ADRs by HCPs; it was serious ADRs; and desire for personal feedback and want more information about the ADRs. Conclusion: Findings from this research anticipate to make three significant contributions: highlight the role of patients in directly reporting ADRs; provide new information that may help us provide guidance to streamline and optimize patient ADR reporting; and provide policy makers, public health officials, and regulatory agencies with this critical information in order to improve medication safety in Canada.

Biography:

Anthia Zammit served as legal counsel to the Healthcare Business Section of the Malta Chamber of Commerce, Enterprise, and Industry, and as a member of the European Patients’ Forum (EPF) Policy Advisory Committee. She also worked as Associate at a leading business and tax law firm in Malta. Her profile was enhanced by her role representing private and publicly-listed companies during their global expansion in established and emerging markets; business development; contract negotiation; medicinal product launches; drug and vaccine licensing (centralized, decentralized and mutual recognition procedures); regulatory affairs; regulatory compliance; good manufacturing practice (EU-GMP); good distribution practice (EU-GDP); pharmacovigilance; data privacy; pricing & reimbursement; and marketing. She is passionate about preventive healthcare, and is interested in legislation as a means of increasing global access to safe medicinal products and vaccines. She is regularly invited as keynote speaker at high-level global conferences on invitation of the European Commission to discuss healthcare delivery; medical practice; digital health; e-health; mobile-health technologies and systems; personalized medicine; youth health; global business development in life sciences; international harmonization of regulatory requirements of pharmaceuticals for human use, and other topics. She received an LLB (Bachelor of Laws) and an LLD (Doctor of Laws) from the University of Malta.

Abstract:

We are unfortunately subject to an optimistic bias when we evaluate how, and to what extent, drugs and other medical therapies will become available and accessible to patients on the global level in which pharmaceutical enterprises operate. In developed countries, the pricing and affordability of medicines is a controversial issue that highlights health and economic inequalities, and great challenges for the future. According to the New York Times article Lawmakers Look for Ways to Provide Relief for Rising Cost of Generic Drugs (November 24th 2014), “the cost of many generic medications has increased so much over the past year that prices for many common generic drugs in the USA have surpassed those of their brand-name equivalents in other developed countries”. The issue of unaffordable healthcare is more challenging with technological advances and the demographic growth of the geriatric population, including those with cancer and cardiac disease. Legislation can be instrumental in the creation of equitable solutions. The EU member state’s management of healthcare access and drug entry; the implementation of regulatory requirements aimed at ensuring quality, safety, and efficacy of medicines and vaccines for human use; and the European Transparency Directive (Council Directive 89/105) which defines procedural requirements for pricing and reimbursement of medicinal products will be discussed. These issues must be taken into account since few of the hundreds of drugs in clinical development ever reach the stage of final approval, having failed to produce the anticipated results expected by the investigators. These trials can take up to 20 years to complete, and several billion dollars to reach the stage of approval or denial by the regulatory agency involved. When failing to demonstrate viability, preexisting expenditures are allowed to be passed onto the price the pharmaceutical company charges patients. In the cancer industry for example, most new drugs require the patient or insurance company to pay 50-100,000 dollars for a course of treatment which may not offer more than several months of improvement in the clinical response. It is essential that the legislators in each of the countries where the drug is to be introduced be able to negotiate a fee arrangement where the patient will not be denied treatment and the drug company be compensated reasonably for development costs.

Biography:

S. Mohan Jain is an Indian-born plant biotechnology scientist. He worked several years for the International Atomic Energy Agency in Vienna. He has done research on genetically modified food, mutation breeding, ornamental plants, date palm, and tropical fruits, such as banana. He has edited 44 internationally sold books. He was listed in Marquis Who's Who in the World 13th edition, 1996 and Who's Who in Science & Engineering, 4th edition, 1997. Dr. Jain completed his bachelor's degree at the Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University in Hisar, Haryana, India (1966-1970). After that he continued his studies to receive a Master of Science from the Genetics department at the G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology in Pantnagar, Nainital, India (1970-1972). In 1972 he started his studies in Master of Philosophy in Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi, India and finally completed his studies with Ph.D from the same university in 1978. S. Mohan Jain also holds the position of Adjunct Professor at University of Helsinki, Åbo Akademi University and University of Jyväskylä in Finland.

Abstract:

Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is widely grown in the hot arid regions, and provides nutrition, as a staple food for centuries, food security, and raw material to the food industry. Even though date fruits are rich in nutrition, minerals, sugar and phytochemicals and its global market share is extremely low. There are at least 15 minerals in dates, varies from 0.1 to 916 mg/100g, include boron, potassium, phosphorous, sodium and zinc. The seeds contain aluminum, cadmium, chloride, lead and sulphur in various proportions. The protective effects of fruits against chronic diseases are attributed to phytochemicals, which have antioxidant activity, cholesterol-lowering properties, chemoprevention of cancer, prevention of diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Date fruits contain many classes of bioactive components including carotenoids, polyphenols especially phenolic acid, isoflavons, lignin, and flavonoids, tannins, and sterols. In date palm cultivars, phytosterols are in abundance in shoot tips and pollen grains, calli and somatic embryos Thin layer chromatography revealed a number of phytosterols including cholesterol, beta-sitosterol and stigmasterol, which are beneficial as anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenicity, and anti-cancer Fresh date fruits are an excellent source of energy and remedy for alcoholic intoxication, stimulation of the uterus by regulating contractions, and treatment of constipation, However, studies on the detailed identification, characterization, and quantification of phytochemicals in different date varieties at different stages of fruit ripening are still insufficient Also the systematic studies on the date health benefits are inadequate and hardly recognized as a healthy food, and this aspect will be highlighted.

Biography:

Neelima Dhingra obtained her BPharmacy, MPharmacy (Pharmaceutical Chemistry), and PhD (Pharmaceutical Chemistry) from the University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh. Presently, she is serving as an Assistant Professor at Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh. She has 9 years of teaching and research experience. Her major area of research focuses on Designing (2D-QSAR, 3D-QSAR), synthesis, spectroscopy analysis, physicochemical parameters and biological evaluation (in vitro, in vivo, in silico) of steroidal derivatives especially 5- alpha reductase inhibitors. Her research work has been credited with 2 US patents, 4 national patents, 12 research papers in the peer reviewed journals, 7 national awards. She has presented more than 30 abstracts at various national and international conferences. She has guided MPharm candidates and presently two research scholars are enrolled with her for their PhD studies. She is on the editorial board of various national journals and is the Editor Member of Asian Council of Scientific Editors 2014 onwards. She is also life member of various national scientific bodies like APTI, IPGA, PAS, PUPS, IABMS and SPER. She is presently handling government agency like UGC, CSIR, DST funded projects worth Rs 40 lakhs.

Abstract:

This is the story of a quest spanning over hundred years to find out the novel approaches for most common and potentially progressive condition of aging men i.e. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. We will focus on the modern era of the both diagnostic and treatment issues available starting from the discovery of the first still besterol in the early 1937 and culminating in the discovery of the Finasteride and Dutasteride as 5α- Reductase Inhibitors in 2002. Yet one cannot be certain that the quest has ended. Past experience reveals that with the advent of profound knowledge of the pathogenesis, the natural history, risk of the progression and new generation of experiments powered by technological breakthrough, the concept of management has undergone many changes with time.

Biography:

Swaroopa Rani N. Gupta has done Ph.D. in Chemistry from Nagpur University, Maharashtra, India in 1993. She is an Associate Professor in the Department of Chemistry, Brijlal Biyani Science College, Amravati, Maharashtra, India. She has published more than 20 papers in reputed international journals; she has presented papers at Inter National conferences at India, Singapore, London, Dubai, Hong Kong, Mauritius, Tashkent, Nepal and has been serving as Technical committee member of International Conferences at Singapore, U.K., Dubai, Hong Kong, Mauritius, Korea, Turkey, New Zealand, Nepal etc. She wants to explore world through great research interest in all aspect of world problem.

Abstract:

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a commonly used method for estimating body composition, and in particular body fat. Since the advent of the first commercially available devices in the mid-1980s the method has become popular owing to its ease of use, portability of the equipment and it’s relatively low cost compared to some of the other methods of body composition analysis. Present paper deals with body composition analysis of undergraduate students using bioelectrical impedance analysis method and their counseling on diet and lifestyle. Bioelectrical impedance analysis method involves determination of Body Weight, Body Fat Percentage, Segmental Subcutaneous Fat Percentage (Whole Body, Trunk, Arms and Legs), Visceral Fat percentage, Segmental Skeletal Muscle Percentage (Whole Body, Trunk, Arms and Legs), Resting Metabolism, Body Mass Index and Body Age. Results are interpreted in terms of ideal weight, overweight, underweight, Period required for weight Loss / Gain at the rate of 1.5 kg per month, Period required for wt maintenance, Fat %, Subcutaneous Fat % (Trunk), Visceral Fat %, Skeletal Muscle % (Whole body), RM, BMI, Body Age. It also highlights correct weight reduction and instructions for better health improvement and weight loss, weight gain and weight maintenance programme. For ideal weight management and for a more accurate and precise body composition analysis full Body Sensing Technology Karada Scan Body Composition Monitor – HBF-375 is used. Karada Scan measures body resistance by using weak current flowing through both hands and both feet (Bioelectrical Impedance / Biological resistance method). Tissues with more water content in human body tend to conduct electricity (such as muscle and vein) easily. Fat tissue almost conducts no electricity. The body feature is used to calculate percentage of fat tissue and non fat tissue. Current flowing through human body is very weak (50 KHz, 500A), which is not stimulant and is very safe to human body. In order to obtain body fat and other data from resistance between both hands and both feet, the five items, i.e. resistance value, height, weight, age and gender are required, which are obtained in accordance with basic human data collected by the company independently. There is little scope for technician error as such, but factors such as eating, drinking and exercising must be controlled since hydration level is an important source of error in determining the flow of the electric current to estimate body fat. The instructions for use of instruments typically recommends that measurements should not be done soon after drinking or eating or exercising, or when dehydrated. Instruments require details such as sex, age and height to be entered, and use formulae taking these into account; for example, men and women store fat differently around the abdomen and thigh region. It is important to know our biological age. If we know where the problems exist, we can initiate the lifestyle modifications necessary to improve our health and increase our vitality. Maintaining an ideal weight can help prevent obesity or weight loss and other diseases, and lead a longer life. We should build up non-fat physique by increasing skeletal muscle and improving resting metabolism. Complementing exercise along with a proper diet is the key to a healthy lifestyle. In today’s world, exercising routine is regarded imperfect without vital elements called Bodybuilding supplements. They act as a fuel for our body and boost sporting performance. Herbalife is a world leader in the wellness industry. Their products do detoxification and cleansing of body systems from the inside, weight management, supplementation, anti-aging, prevent future diseases. Among these are Aloe Plus Tablet, Afresh, Cell -U -Loss Tablet, Personalized Protein Powder, Nutritional Shake Mix, Multivitamin Mineral and Herbal Tablet, Cell Activator Tablet, Activated Fiber Tablet for better weight management. Interpretation of body composition analysis report of undergraduate students (Female + Male) shows that underweight person is 44.2 %, normal person is 45.7 %, overweight person is 7.2 % and obese person is 2.9 %; that of undergraduate students (Female) shows that underweight person is 43.4 %, normal person is 46.2 %, overweight person is 7.5 % and obese person is 2.8 %; and that of undergraduate students (Male) shows that underweight person is 46.9 %, normal person is 43.8 %, overweight person is 6.3 % and obese person is 3.1.

Biography:

David W. Moskowitz is a well-trained nephrologist and founder, CEO, and Chief Medical Officer of GenoMed, a next Generation DM(tm) company (DM = Disease Management).

Abstract:

Perhaps the most overlooked resource for global public health is the retail pharmacist. They are located in the smallest, remotest villages. They are comfortable with computers, and most are linked to the Internet. They provide affordable medications and trusted medical advice to everybody in the village. Their stores are well-known anchors in the community. They pay extraordinary attention to detail. They have a strong business sense. They deliver excellent customer service. If they don't, they soon go out of business. Genomics, the science of which genomic variants cause disease, discloses the earliest steps in disease causation, making reversal of disease possible. For example, the right ACE inhibitor at the right dose can reverse early stage diabetic and hypertensive nephropathy. In principle, 90% of chronic kidney failure could be prevented. The remaining 10% of kidney patients could get a transplant, and the world could be dialysis-free. Kidney failure is exploding in the developing world, where there are few dialysis machines and no money to pay for dialysis. Nor do these countries have enough doctors and nurses to deliver public health. Pharmacists could easily identify diabetic and hypertensive patients among their clientele, educate their customers about the existence of a treatment to avoid dialysis, communicate by email with a Disease Management company like GenoMed, deliver an agreed-upon dose of ACE inhibitor to the patient, monitor the patient's blood pressure, and titrate up the dose of ACE inhibitor as needed. Since the patient has to purchase the ACE inhibitor at the pharmacy anyway, there's no reason why the pharmacist couldn't measure the patient's blood pressure with an automated BP cuff and suggest a new dose of ACE inhibitor, with input from the Disease Management company. Retail pharmacists could perform this service much more easily than a mail-order pharmacy. It would create a significant new revenue stream for the retail pharmacist.

Biography:

Lance Smallshaw on boarded at UCB Pharma S.A. in Belgium in early 2011, after completing nearly 30 years at Eli Lilly and Company based in various locations around the world specializing in both biopharmaceutical/chemical analytical development and QC (API/Parentals). In addition to his previous role he was a corporate QC laboratory auditor and trainer in statistics and statistical process control (SPC) for more than 15 years. He has been a major industry contributor to a number of collaborative UK dti/BIUS funded new biopharmaceutical technologies initiatives. In past years for his long service was awarded a CaSSS Associated Directorship. After the publication of his UK Pharmaceutical Quality Group (PQG) CQI monograph back in 2007 on Good Quality Control Laboratory Practice (based on Eurdralex Volume 4 Chapter 6 (EU GMP Guide) he was approached the following year to become a member of the training team for the European Qualified Person Association (EQPA section of the European Compliance Academy (ECA)) and has been delivering training on a biannual basis since. As a consequence of his service to EQPA over the past 8 years and in recent years he has been appointed to the Executive Board of the European Compliance Academy (ECA), the largest Pharma training organization in Europe. He is a Fellow and Chartered Chemist (Royal Society of Chemistry (1999)) and has published widely, two of his most recent publications being accepted by Nature-biotechnology (2010) and Pharmaceutical Technology Europe March 2015. He is the UCB Pharma Global Lead for Elemental Impurities to ICH Q3D and UCB Worldwide Expert for New Biological Entities (NBEs) and analytical strategies.

Abstract:

In past few years there has been plethora of revisions and inclusions to the European GMP Guidance general chapters, annexes and GxPs. In addition there have been a number of significant updates related to the European legislation including a new directive for safety relating to the rise of falsified medicines reaching the market place. This presentation will provide a current picture in time of what these changes are and responsibilities, challenges and expectations faced by both individuals and individual companies.

Biography:

Abstract:

Background: Medication safety unit [MSU] streamlines the safe management and use of prescribed medications and reduction in all types of medication errors [MEs],and associated morbidity and mortality resulting in enhanced patient safety, better quality of healthcare services and cost saving. Objective: This study aims to describe MSU programs together with their purposes developed in King Saud Medical City [KSMC], Saudi Arabia and supports them with related policies and guidelines based on evidence-based research done across the world. Method: A descriptive study was designed to define programs, roles and annual plan of MSU, which was established in year 2012. Multiple awareness campaigns and training courses were organized for highlighting the significance of MSU among healthcare providers and consumers in KSMC. Results: The MSU developed 14 programs and annual medication safety plan of actions having 14 items(both are available with presenter) together with respective policies, procedures and guidelines, well supported by evidence-based research data for improving safe medication management and use associated with reported reduction in MEs, and increased patient safety and quality of healthcare. Conclusion: MSU is a useful tool to encourage reporting of MEs, which are reported to increase patient safety and safe medication management and tends to decrease the number of MEs. Beside establishing MSU in all hospitals, this study calls for a randomized controlled study in future that will identify potential risk factors that impact safe medication management and are associated with patient safety not only in Saudi Arabia but also in other Arabian Gulf countries.

Biography:

E Vigneshwaran completed his PhD from Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India. Currently, he is working as Assistant Professor in the department of Clinical Pharmacy at King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. He is past Director and President – elect of ISPOR – India Andhra Pradesh chapter and member of various professional bodies around the world. He has presented draft pharmacoeconomic guidelines for India during the proceedings of ISPOR 6th Asia Pacific conference held in Beijing, China on 2014. He has more than 30 research papers to his credit and served as editorial/review member in reputed journals.

Abstract:

Essential medicines list is the concept that satisfies the priority of healthcare needs and promotes rational use of medicines. The drugs which are present in the list should address the disease burden based on its prevalence at all levels of health care. It also serves as basis of drug formulary. Increased drug utilization, increased drug price, availability of number of drugs to single indication and limited budgets shows the need of formulary. Formulary is a continuous revised compilation of pharmaceuticals and related products started as simple list of available drugs, and then they evolved into a dynamic guide for an effective management of drug therapy by health care professionals in clinical applications. Decisions about drug selection are complex and are influenced not just by evidenced based criteria but also take into account of economical and therapeutic aspects of drug, and political, social and ethical values of community to which the decisions apply. Thus pharmacoeconomics (PE) can serve as one of the tool in drug selection process for an effective development of formulary, but it may require strong co-ordination between pharmacoeconomic expertise and health care professionals. Literatures also reported that use of PE information in creating formulary is limited due to various barriers. However, it must be used to manage limited health resources in the best way. Therefore more educational programs to the decision makers should be conducted to facilitate the use of such tool in developing formulary. Because current evidence suggests that pharmacoeconomic information is not widely used worldwide.

Biography:

Diabetes is a significant and growing healthcare concern in the Middle East and globally. Almost 37 million people have diabetes in Middle East now. If we do not act now, this figure will rise to 68 million by 2035. Saudi Arabia is the 2nd highest-ranking country in the world with regard to diabetes prevalence at 23.90%. In schools of pharmacy, education about diabetes may be a standard part of the curriculum although the depth of coverage or the extent students are able to apply what they learn may vary especially in Diabetes self-management education (DSME). DSME is a critical element of care for all people with diabetes and those at risk for developing the disease. It is necessary in order to prevent or delay the complications of diabetes. We arranged a program, for pharmacy students, partnering didactic instruction on diabetes with life experience as both a mock patient with diabetes and as a pharmacist taking care of a patient with diabetes applying DSME concept and guideline through Simulated Diabetes Education Center. Several studies demonstrating value when a pharmacist is part of the diabetes provides education care team. To reflect this instructional format for pharmacy students, we will synchronize role-play and group education in a Simulated Diabetes Education Center. Our goal is to develop a more comprehensive APPE that would provide a better core level of knowledge and, at the same time, expose the student to experiential learning about diabetes. Specific objectives are to: improve student knowledge about diabetes improve student confidence in providing diabetes care through DSME; and improve integration of the didactic lectures on diabetes provided in the therapeutics course with the problem-based learning cases.

Abstract:

Alaa Bagalagel, PharmD, is Assistant Professor at The Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University. Also, he is the Director of Clinical Training Unit and Alumni Unite. He earned his PharmD degree from King Abdulaziz University after which time he completed Pharmacy Practice Residency (PGY1) and Ambulatory Care Residency (PGY2) at The University of Arizona. He completed a Postdoctoral Fellowship at The University of Arizona. His area of research includes: clinical safety and efficacy of biosimilars, diabetes care, and drug reactions. He is an active member of the biosimilar working group at The University of Arizona Health HOPE Center.

Biography:

Sawsan Mohamed Amer has completed her PhD from Cairo University and Post-doctoral studies from the same University, Faculty of Pharmacy. She is the Professor of Analytical Chemistry from 2003 till present & Head of Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University from 2010 till present. She has published more than 50 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as a reviewer & Editorial Board Member of many journals. She supervised more than 10 Master degree and more than 10 PhD degree students. She has been contributing as external examiner in more than 12 thesis discussion.

Abstract:

A hybrid development strategy of Quality by design (QbD) and one factor at time (OFAT) approaches was used to develop a stability indicating HPLC method for quantitative determination of cefditoren pivoxil (CTP) in bulk powder and pharmaceutical formulations. A forced degradation studies were performed under acid, alkaline, thermal and photolytic stress conditions. Chromatographic separation achieved in less than 10 min. using a RP C-18 column, mobile phase [methanol: acetate buffer pH4.5 (55:45, v/v)], flow rate 1.5 mLmin-1 and UV detection at 225 nm. Optimization of column, pH, and wavelength implemented according to OFAT approach, while elution temperature and methanol content in the mobile phase considering QbD approach. The method was validated including specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy and robustness. The drug response was linear (r=0.9999) in range of 89-672 μgmL-1, the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were 5.31μgmL-1 and 16.1 μgmL-1, respectively. The intra- and inter-day precisions were 0.11%, 0.44% respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of CTP in bulk and tablets with acceptable accuracy and precisions. The results demonstrated that the method would have a great value when applied in quality control and stability studies for CTP.

Biography:

Ioannis S. Patrikios was born in Cyprus in 1960. Prof. Patrikios received his BSc degree in Biochemistry/Pre-Medical studies from the City College of the City University of NY. He graduated with honor, passed the Medical College Admission Test (MCATS), got accepted in Medical School and at the same time was awarded for a scholarship for direct PhD studies from the City University of New York, USA. He completed his PhD studies, specialized on Immunology and Lipids/Lipidomics and his postdoctoral studies specialization in Medical Biochemistry in the City College of NY, besides the world-known Professor CS Russell. Prof. Patrikios went through several different fellowships including research specializations /collaborations with different high reputation institutions including, Mount Sinai and Albert Einstein Medical School in New York and was awarded advanced Immunology specialization courses at Scuola Superiore d'Immunologia Ruggero Ceppellini, Italy. He also received professional certification and licensing for clinical/research Laboratory Director, Safety and Animal Handling and Use, from the New York Department of Health and Fire Department, USA. He served and continues to be an Industrial and Institutional Scientific Consultant, including Research Consultant.

Abstract:

The polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) composition of membrane phospholipids plays an important role in immune-related and non-immune-related inflammation. PUFA and antioxidant deficiencies, along with decreased cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms, have been reported in MS patients. The cause of PUFA deficiencies is not entirely clear and may involve metabolic and nutritional alterations. Increased or uncontrolled inflammation contributes to several different acute and chronic diseases, and it is characterized by the production of inflammatory cytokines, arachidonic acid (AA)-derived eicosanoids (prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes (TXs), leukotrienes (LTs) and other oxidised derivatives), and other inflammatory agents such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) and adhesion molecules. During inflammation, glutamate homeostasis is altered by the release of increased quantities of glutamate by activated immune cells, which can result in the over activation of glutamate receptors and, in turn, excitotoxic oligodendroglial death. Among others, membrane-related pathology, immune-mediated inflammation, oxidative stress and excitotoxicity provide potentially useful combined targets for intervention in MS. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that dietary eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), linoleic acid (LA) and γ-linolenic acid (GLA) can be implicated and modulate almost all known complex networks of events and pathways in MS pathophysiology. The brain membrane fatty acid composition can be modified with dietary supplementation, but the process has been shown to be age dependent (taking much longer in adults vs developing brains) and possibly dependent on the quantity of the dietary/supplemented PUFAs. The anti-inflammatory properties of Ω-3 PUFAs include the production of PGs and TXs of the 3-series and of LTs of the 5-series. Resolvins and protectins are biosynthesised from Ω-3 fatty acids via cyclooxygenase-2/lipoxygenase (COX-2/LOX) pathways, and they promote the control of inflammation in neural tissues. T-cell proliferation in acute and chronic inflammation can also be reduced by supplementation with either Ω-6 or Ω-3 PUFAs. Furthermore, vitamin E is an important antioxidant that can interrupt the propagation of free radical chain reactions. Specifically, vitamin E (α-tocopherol, an isoform of vitamin E) efficiently detoxifies hydroxyl, perhydroxyl and superoxide free radicals, whereas γ-tocopherol (another isoform of vitamin E) appears to be more efficiently implicated in trapping NO radicals. In addition, α-tocopherol exerts non-antioxidant properties, including the modulation of cell signalling and immune functions, regulation of transcription and induction of apoptosis. Moreover, Ω-3 fatty acid electrophilic derivatives formed by COX-2 in activated macrophages can stimulate the nuclear respiratory factor (Nrf), which induces the transcription of neuroprotective and antioxidant-related genes and can activate the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) for an anti-inflammatory response. In animal studies, EPA and DHA have proved to be endogenous ligands of the retinoid X receptor (RXR), with positive effects on neurogenesis. Additionally, in 2008, Salvati et al reported evidence of accelerated myelination in DHA-treated and EPA-treated animals. Moreover, DHA and EPA have been reported to significantly decrease the levels of metalloproteinases (MMP)-2, MMP-3, MMP-9 and MMP-13, which have a significant role in the migration of lymphocytes into the central nervous system by inducing the disruption of the blood brain barrier, an important step in the formation of MS lesions. Based on the aforementioned observations, specific PUFAs and antioxidant vitamins fulfil the criterion of biological plausibility and have the potential to diminish the severity and activity of MS symptoms, potentially even promoting recovery (remyelination). Neuroaspis PLP10 represents a formulation consisting of the aforementioned ingredients (EPA/DHA omega-3, LA/GLA omega-6 PUFA, other structured molecules as MUFA and anti ROS/RNS antioxidants) tested on relapsing remitting MS patients (Phase II and an ongoing Phase III). We contacted a 30-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, proof-of-concept clinical study at the CING with 20 patients randomly assigned to receive PLP10 and 20 placebo. PLP10 treatment significantly reduced the ARR by 72%, and the risk of sustained disability progression by 86% compared to placebo when patients on natalizumab were excluded; and without any adverse or significant side effects.

Biography:

Ryohichi (Rio) Sugimura has obtained broad knowledge of basic biology, physiology, pathology and clinical training as a medical student for MD degree in Osaka University, Japan. He has experienced laboratory techniques and scientific discussion, particularity for stem cell research under supervision of Dr. Jun-ichi Miyazaki, Dr. Shin-ichi Nishikawa and Dr. Toru Nakano. As a PhD student of Dr. Linheng Li laboratory at Stowers Institute for Medical Research, He studied the mechanism to maintain hematopoietic stem cells. Currently, He is working with Dr. George Daley as a Postdoctoral researcher. His particular research topics include hematopoietic stem cell specification in vitro. He has been serving as Associate Faculty Member of Faculty 1000 Medicine since 2010. He has been an Associate Member of ISSCR and a Member of BMES. He has obtained PhD in 2012.

Abstract:

Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation is an important curative source for malignant and nonmalignant blood diseases. However, HSC transplantation has limitations, including donor availability and immunologic mismatch. To resolve these issues, researchers have been mounting considerable efforts to induce HSCs from autologous sources, such as induced-pluripotent stem cells, hematopoietic precursors, and fibroblasts. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are intriguing platform that allow for large-scale expansion culture and correction of mutations. Achieving the formation of HSCs from hPSCs would transform our ability to model and treat hematologic disease from autologous stem cells. Desired cell types have been generated from hPSCs by two approaches, one is biomimetics of developing embryos in 3D culture by supplementing signaling factors; the other is synthetic biology by exogenously expressing transcription factors (TFs). Either approach has not achieved fully functional HSCs from hPSCs so far. Thus combination of these two, biomimetic 3D culture to derive hematopoietic precursors followed by exogenous expression of TFs, was taken in this study. hPSCs was differentiated to precursors of hematopoietic cells in 3D culture. Those precursors, still lacking robust hematopoietic capacity (e.g. engraftment upon transplantation) in vivo, were induced expression of TFs specific to HSCs. Upon transplantation to immune deficient mouse models, long-term and multi-lineage reconstitution was observed. The future direction of this work is gene-correction of hPSC-derived hematopoietic cells, for example, Cas9-mediated genome editing of congenital anemia. This work will provide a significant platform to produce human HSCs for potential clinical applications as well as better understanding of hematopoiesis.

Biography:

Samuel Eguasi Inkabi completed his Bachelor’s in Biochemistry from Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology. He is currently on a Master’s project at the Medical Microbiology department of Linköping University Health and Medicine faculty, where he is reading Experimental and Medical Biosciences. He has co-authored a number of publications in reputed journals.

Abstract:

Cancer is an abnormal growth and proliferation of cells, caused by a complex, poorly understood interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Cancer treatment is usually a combination of a number of different modalities including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery. However, they produce side effects that prevent their extensive usage. Current phytochemical research on 50% aqueous ethanolic extract of Ficus pumila leaves and stem of Ghanaian cultivars has shown the presence of tannins, saponins, general glycosides, alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids (leaves) and sterols (stem), making it a potential candidate for antioxidant and anticancer analysis which serve as the objective of this study. Antioxidant activity was tested using DPPH scavenging activity by measuring the absorbance of the extracts of Ficus pumila Linn. and comparing it with a standard drug BHT. Total phenolic content was also determined and compared with the standard Gallic acid. The anticancer activity was also determined using MTT assay and compared with the standard drug curcumin. The extracts and the standard curcumin were also tested on normal PNT2 cells to determine its effect. The leaves [IC50 values of 130.97 µg/ml, 56.31 µg/ml and >1000 µg/ml (Jurkat cells, HL-60 cells and CEM cells respectively)] and stem [IC50 values of 204.37 µg/ml, 124.41 µg/ml and >1000 µg/ml (Jurkat cells, HL-60 cells and CEM cells respectively)] extracts of Ficus pumila Linn. all showed a positive activity with the leaves showing a higher activity. The extracts also promoted the growth of the normal cells whiles the standard curcumin damaged the normal cells. The antiproliferation activity of the Ficus pumila Linn. leave extract can be attributed to the high phenolic content and antioxidant activity.

Biography:

Abstract:

Chromatin is a highly dynamic macromolecular complex, which shows important changes in its structure upon different cellular environment. Nucleosome binding molecules (NBM) are key modulators of chromatin structure and hence transcription and clinical outcome. Here, I will show that exogenous Nucleosome Binding Molecules – eNBMs, structure-based designed, inhibit proliferation and viability of different cancer cells lineages. Moreover, eNBMs inhibit the expression of a key gene in the inflammatory pathway, TNFalfa. Furthermore, I will discuss our integrated approach to dissect the mechanism of cholesterol action on chromatin structure. Our findings suggest that lipid molecules, such as cholesterol, may behave as physiological nucleosome binding molecules with an influential role on the chromatin structure.

Biography:

Ahmed Hassan had his Bachelor from University of Khartoum Faculty of Pharmacy 2013. He is a MSc student of Clinical Pharmacy at the University of Medical Science and Technology.

Abstract:

Health-related quality of life (HQOL) is an important measure of how disease affects patients life’s. Chronic kidney disease and diabetic patients had decreased (QOL) relative to healthy controls. Little is known about (HQOL) of diabetic and non-diabetic patients on dialysis. This study was done to assess the general health of diabetic and non-diabetic patients on dialysis using a cross sectional hospital based comparative study. Data collected using a readily designed and standardized SF-36 questionnaire, which was slightly modified to meet the objectives of this study. Patients interviewed fell into different age groups, where the largest age group contained 36 participants (27.7%) fell between 60 and 74 years old. (20.8%) of dialysis patients were diabetics. (68.5%) were suffering from limitations while performing simple activities (lifting or carrying groceries). (70%) were suffering from limitations while performing moderate activities (moving a table, cleaning etc..). (40%) were having psycho-social problems in different causes and severities. (81%) were having difficulties in performing work or other activities. (HRQOL) was poor among diabetic and non-diabetic dialysis patients. There were no health care provided to restore or preserve physical activities of the patients. No expert psychological treatment provided to patients who needed the support. There were no back up plans to overcome the recurrent shortage of water of dialysis and recurrent cuts of the electricity during dialysis which caused many complications to the patients.

Biography:

Tabassum Hossain, M. Sc. in in Bio-informatics, is pursuing Ph.D in University of Calcutta as a Senior Research Fellow under the Moulana Azad National Fellowship of University Grant Commission, India. She has published 8 research papers and presented a research article in 5th FIP Pharmaceutical Sciences World Congress 2014 at Melbourne, Australia.

Abstract:

The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) is a glutamate receptor, an important target for controlling synaptic plasticity and memory function, but overactivation resulting in an excess of intracellular calcium formation, triggers neuronal injury and is involved in numerous pathologies. The present study has been emphasized to explore both ligand- and structure-based QSAR, pharmacophore, docking and simulation studies on a set of structurally diverse inhibitors to optimize prime structural features responsible for selective binding to NMDA, and vis-à-vis inhibiting enzyme activity. The pharmacophore model showed the importance of HB acceptor, and hydrophobic features of the molecule for effective binding. Structure-based docking and simulation study adjudged the significance of the features obtained from ligand-based QSAR (ROC score = 0.917), HQSAR (Q2 = 0.812, R2pred = 0.772) and pharmacophore models (R2=0.927). Both docking and simulation studies confirmed the stable interaction with the catalytic residue Glu106. Presence of electronegative groups, aromatic rings and methyl chains in 3D space of molecular scaffold depict their importance in NMDA inhibition.

Biography:

Syeda Kiran Shahzadi is currently doing PhD from Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. She has 5 publications in International journals and reviewd one research paper for Journal of Chemical society of Pakistan as invited reviewer.

Abstract:

Many pharmaceutical drugs possess antioxidant properties which may contribute to the protection against diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, cancer and neurodegeneration by contributing the body’s overall antioxidant defense system. The present study was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of different pharmaceutical drugs by measuring reducing power, inhibition of peroxidation using linoleic acid system, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging assay and phosphomolybdate assay. Maximum antioxidant activity was shown by Multibionta followed by Surbex > Acebex > Pregnovit > Theragran Ultra > Fefol Vitamins > Unicape > Bevidox > Revitale-B > Neurobion. The data thus obtained was statistically analyzed by using two way analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Biography:

John Paul T Toting graduated with the degree BS Pharmacy in April 2015 at Centro Escolar University, Malolos, Bulacan. Currently, he is teaching professional pharmacy subjects in the same university and is currently pursuing his MS Pharmacy with specialization in Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy at Adamson University, Ermita, Manila. He was the former FJCPPhA National Asst. Secretary (2013), and National Auditor (2014), while at the same time serving as the President for the JPPhA Beta Chapter (2013-2015). His undergraduate research entitled: Formulation of Hand Sanitizer Gel using the Semi-Purified Flavonoids from the outer coverings of the Red Creole variety of Allium cepa Linn. family Alliaceae, has already been presented in various research symposia in the university and recognized as the best research during the 1st University Belt National Research Consortium.

Abstract:

This research focuses on the formulation of hand sanitizer gel using the semi-purified flavonoids from outer coverings of the Red creole variety of Allium cepa L. fam. Alliaceae. This study utilizes the experimental method of research. The agar cup diffusion method was used in determining the antibacterial activity of formulation with 40% semi-purified extract as compared to the two (2) locally available leading hand sanitizer brands. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus luteus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella typimurium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus cereus were utilized as test organisms. The formulation exhibited antibacterial activity against 8 of 10 bacteria used in the experiment, while Brand A exhibited antibacterial activity against 1 of 10 bacteria and Brand B manifested an antibacterial activity against 4 out 10 of bacteria utilized in the microbial assay. Moreover, based on the result of the primary skin irritation test, the formulation is perceptibly not capable of causing irritation to the skin when applied topically. The researchers recommend that thorough investigation of the semi-purified flavonoid extract using instrumental method of analysis and isolation of the pure flavonoid should be conducted in order to determine the specific flavonoid that exhibits the antibacterial activity.

Biography:

Jhon Raphael Jimenez is currently a fourth year student at Our Lady of Fatima University. He was a student leader for 3 years and was also a team leader in their thesis. He was a highly research enthusiast. He presented his thesis for Oral and Poster Presentation at the Singapore Pharmacy Congress 2015 last September 24, 2015. Currently he is finishing his paperworks to finish BS Pharmacy.

Abstract:

The prevalence of resistance to antifungal agents significantly increased in the past decade. So it led to the discovery of new classes of antifungal compounds to that fungal infection. The plant Mollugo oppositifolia (Molluginaceae) which is locally known as “Malagoso or Papait” have been reported in favor of various traditional uses. Mollugo oppositifolia is reported to possess antifungal property due to presence of glycosides. This led to the result of discerning Sarsalida as an antifungal agent. Methanolic extract of Mollugo oppositifolia was seen the presence of steroid glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides and carbohydrates according to phytochemical screening. Stas-Otto Method was used for the semi-purification of glycosides. The semi-purified extract of Mollugo oppositifolia underwent Physicochemical Analysis. Test organisms undergone observations were Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. Antifungal Susceptibility Testing was used to carry out and two-fold serial tube dilution method was used to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration. Aspergillus niger exhibited average significant inhibition of 13.67 mm (±1.6704) and Candida albicans exhibited average significant inhibition of 18.67 mm (±1.6704), both of which are statistically significant.

Biography:

Hung Lam is now studying his PhD at Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck. He started in 2013 and has been working on thiomers and pre-activated thiomers. He has, until now, published 3 papers in reputed journals on pharmaceutical sciences.

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to synthesize pre-activated low molecular weight of poly(acrylic acid) (2-, 6-, and 15 kDa) and to investigate their enhanced mucoadhesive effects in combination with polycarbophil-cysteine conjugate (PCP-cys). PCP-cys is highly mucoadhesive owing to its free thiol groups, but its high molecular weight (approximately 3.5×109 g/mol) and its cross-linked structure may spatially hinder its interaction with mucus. Pre-activated poly(acrylic acids) are thiolated poly(acrylic acid) (PAA-cys) with their free thiol groups further conjugated with 2-mercaptonicotinic acid via disulfide bonds (PAA-cys-MNA). Pre-activated thiomers are the latest generation of mucoadhesive polymers developed by our research group and the lowest low molecular weight PAAs were chosen for this study because of their high chain mobility. The enhanced mucoadhesive effects were studied with rheological measurements of mixtures of PAA-cys-MNA and PCP-cys with purified porcine mucus. The results showed that pre-activated PAAs increased the dynamic viscosity of the mixtures of PAA-cys-MNA/PCP-cys/mucus by 3.5-, 5.6-, and 5.1-fold (respectively for PAA 2-, 6-, 15 kDa) compared to the mixtures of unmodified PAAs/PCP-cys/mucus. This finding suggests that the presence of low molecular weight and high chain mobility of pre-activated PAAs could serve as a “cross-linker” to facilitate the formation of disulfide bonds and in situ cross-linking process between PCP-cys and mucus gel and therefore increased mucoadhesion.

Biography:

Abstract:

Malaria is the most deadly disease that concerns mostly African children under the age of five. Its treatment is difficult because of drug resistance to conventional molecules, including Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT) recommended by WHO. Several studies, for instance those of Chougouo and al. showed that the infusion of A. annua is more efficient than ACT after 7 days of treatment, but hardly accepted by children mostly those under 2 years old because of the quantity to administer. The present study is to put in place a more acceptable dosage form for children i.e. suppositories made from A. annua grown in Cameroon. To evaluate its quality, the powder of leaves and stems of A. annua has been submitted to physicochemical analysis. The particle size was determine by the sieve method and laser diffraction. Artemisinin, determined by TLC - densitometry, then read through Mesurim software. Entire flavonoids titrated by aluminum chloride. The formula of medicines established and suppositories were submitted to pharmacotechnical tests. The powder obtained, of bitter taste, greyish-green, with characteristic odor (camphor), is homogeneous with 56,37 % of particles in the sieve of diameter over or equal to 63 μm. The artemisinin and entire flavonoids contents are respectively of 5 mg/g and 0,43 mg equivalent to quercetin per gramm of dry matter. 250 mg suppositories of active principle have been made knowing that, 1g of A. annua powder moves 0,72 g of Suppocire C. They are dark-green, shiny, smooth, barrel-shaped. Their average weight is 2,15 g, disintegration time 8 min 16 s, the fusion point 35,7 ˚C. These suppositories, are in conformity with European pharmacopoeia. The suppositories will contribute to a better treatment of malaria among children

Biography:

Mohammed Fatima is currently a graduate student in the University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Khartoum, Sudan.

Abstract:

Biography:

Rayan Salah Elhadi has completed her Bachelor’s from University of Medical Sciences and Technology, pre-master qualifying student at Institute of endemic diseases, University Of Khartoum. She is a teaching assistant of chemical pathology at Medical Sciences and Technology University.

Abstract:

Diabetes mellitus is an inherited metabolic disorder characterized by high metabolic and oxida-tive stress, and there is evidence that trace elements such as zinc and copper are important co-factors in these processes. We therefore have measured serum zinc levels in type 2 diabetic subjects from Khartoum state. 20 diabetic patients and 20 non-diabetic control subjects were included in this study. Serum zinc and random blood glucose (RBG) were measured among the study groups and the association of Zn compared with glycemic status, age, gender, and duration of diabetes. The serum zinc level was significantly higher (P-value=0.02), (2.01±0.999 ppm) in diabetic patients as compared with control subjects (1.83±0.704 ppm) respectively, There was insignificant association between study groups among the age (P-value=0.35) and gender variables (P-value=0.518). Also there was significant association with glycemic status, and duration of diabetes (P-value=0.000) with serum Zinc in the type-2 diabetic patients. We conclude that the zinc values were increased significantly, especially in diabetes mellitus with long duration of disease. Another studies show low zinc level so, further studies are recommended to address the possible role of zinc measurement and the possible impact of zinc therapy in insulin metabolism resistance states such as diabetes.

Biography:

Eiman Adam Mohamed is a fifth year student in Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medical Sciences and tTechnology.

Abstract:

Worldwide obesity dramatically increased to more than double since 1980. In 2014 approximately 39% of adults aged 18 years and above were either overweight or obese. 42 million children under the age of 5 were overweight or obese in 2013. In Africa Obesity rates are rapidly increasing particularly in urban settings, which considered as a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, heart attacks and a variety of cancers. As Obesity is preventable and reversible, finding a cheaper alternative anti-obesity drug will encourage obese people to reduce their weight and thereby prevent other complications. It is believed that Treatment with β adrenoreceptor agonists promotes fat loss and muscle growth. Ephedrine is a β-adrenoreceptor agonist; works as weak central nervous system stimulant. It facilitates the liberation of energy from energy stores and in turn it increases their concentration in plasma. Caffeine has many pharmacological actions including: Central nervous system stimulation, diuresis, stimulation of cardiac muscle and relaxation of smooth muscles. We are going to study the effect of a combination of the two compounds with β agonistic properties in sixteen well fed newzealand rabbits. The evaluation will be through the measurement of grams of weight lost by rabbits during one month of administration of the combination of caffeine and ephedrine and the change in lipid profile. The expected results are reduction in body weight and reduced total cholesterol level.