Biography:

Dr. Sawsan Abuhamdah is a Jordanian registered Pharmacist, has completed her PhD from Durham University, UK and postdoctoral studies from Granada Medical School, Department of Pharmacology, Spain and has won postdoctoral Fulbright Research Award at the University of Toledo, Department of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Ohio, USA, 2014-2015. Promoted to associate professor in 2014 at the faculty of pharmacy, University of Jordan and now acting as deputy dean, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University of Science and technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE. Dr. Abuhamdah has published many original research articles in peer-reviewed journals and participated in the preparation of many symposium abstracts. Dr. Abuhamdah is a member of the British Pharmacological Society (BPS), British Neuroscience Association (BNA), Sigma Phi Sigma Pharmaceutical Sciences Honor Society, University of Toledo, USA, Jordan Pharmaceutical Association and has been serving as an editorial board member of reputable pharmaceutical journals.

Abstract:

Agitation is a common clinical challenge; it often precedes the diagnosis of common age-related disorders of cognition such as Alzheimer's disease. More than 80 percentages of people who develop Alzheimer's eventually become agitated or aggressive. Agitation also accompanies dementia, it has been estimated that agitated behaviour occurs in 70-90 percentage of the patients with dementia at some point during their illness. An ideal agent for the acute treatment of agitated patients should be easy to administer and not traumatic; provide tranquilization without excessive sedation; have a rapid onset of action and have low risk for significant adverse reactions and drug interactions. Currently available pharmacologic treatments for agitation do not fulfil all of these criteria; there are significant unmet needs for novel anti-agitation treatments. Several plant species are used for their effect on symptoms such as anxiety, restlessness, and excitability these include Melissa officinalis, commonly known as lemon balm a member of the mint family, has been considered for many centuries as a "calming" herb. It was used as far back as the middle ages to reduce stress and anxiety and promote sleep. In order to elucidate the pharmacological basis for Melissa actions, a pharmacological screen has been conducted using radioligand binding focusing on a range of ligand-gated ion channels, in rat cortical membranes. Melissa oils were sourced from four separate authenticated suppliers. Interactions of the oils with both G-protein coupled receptors (5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, muscarinic M1 and histamine H3) and ligand-gated ion channel receptors (NMDA, nicotinic and GABAA channel, agonist and benzodiazepine sites) implicated in agitation in severe dementia have been examined.

Biography:

Abstract:

Biography:

Saeed Albaraki completed his PhD from University of Leeds, UK in 2011 in industrial pharmacy and pharmaceutical engineering.  Dr. Albaraki is the Deputy Director of the Scientific Research Centre of the Medical Services of the Armed Forces, KSA. He has published his research work on pharmaceutical formulation, manufacturing, plasma fractionation and pharmaceutical engineering in reputed journals and has also presented his work in national and international scientific conferences and meetings.

Abstract:

Technically, human plasma for fractionation may be obtained by separation of plasma from whole blood (recovered plasma) or by apheresis (source plasma). The use of Apheresis technique is very helpful in the recovery of plasma and yields almost four times more than other techniques. The bulk of the plasma collected for fractionation is provided by paid donors. For example, USA plasma derived yield from whole blood amounted to 3.5 million litres, while 12 million litres was obtained via plasmapheresis. As with other pharmaceutical industries, PDM fractionation investment is based on four aspects, Knowhow, market, high capital and raw material (Plasma). The main obstacle to start local plasma fractionation is the maintenance of a regular, adequate and safe source of supply of around 300K litres of   plasma. In case of shortage of plasma supplies, the alternative project such as self-sufficiency program (SSP) need to be implemented. Finland, Malaysia, Norway and Singapore are good example of self-sufficiency fractionation toll of local plasma. SSP based on local collection of plasma (around 30k-50k litres ) and shifting fractionation through special contracts with international fractionators. Consumption of PDM products such coagulation factors FVIII and FIX, albumin and immunoglobulins (IVIG) shows around 10% annual increment. The recent applications of IVIG in  Alzheimer’s disease  and some other  neurological disorders has created a profound interest and use of PDM products. Unlike pharmaceutical industry, around 40% of the final price for the manufacturing of PDM  goes to raw materials and not to marketing. Collection of local plasma for fractionation will dramatically reduce the final prices of the products. In addition, building up a national  collection program of plasma will increase the local strategic stock for any crisis. The fractionated yield of coagulation factors produced by Self-sufficiency fractionation program is very high and will greatly  help to start a prophylaxis program for haemophilic patients. Local fractionation or SSP will also help in the creation of the much needed  local employment opportunities and support the local economy. SSP will also  help to secure a reglar , uninterrupted  and safe supply for the patients receiving PDM . A better quality control can also be implemented to strenghten the safety standards of the final products and the influence of any possible gene therapy will be excluded.

Biography:

Tuba Aydin is currently working as an assistant professor in the Faculty of Pharmacy at the Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Turkey where she has been a faculty member since 2013. She completed her PhD at Ataturk University, Turkey. She has expertise in isolation and characterization of phytochemicals from natural products.

Abstract:

Sepsis has a development that can result in death, through the passage into the blood of microorganisms entering the body and spreading to all organ systems. Artemisia dracunculus L., tarragon, which is used in various parts of the world as spice, has long been used in traditional therapy. Tarragon leaves have important coumarin content and contain high amounts of herniarin (HRN).

One of the most frequently used animal models in the study of sepsis is cecal ligation-puncture in rats’. In the present study, effects of HRN, isolated from tarragon, was investigated on sepsis induced rats’ liver tissues. Therefore, 40 male rats were divided into 4 groups as Sham, Control, HRN-150 and HRN-300. HRN was orally given (at doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg), and then rats’ cecums were ligatured and perforated by a cannule. After 24 hours after administration of HRN, rats were euthanized under high dose anesthesia. Both histopathologic and biochemical examinations were performed in the liver tissues of sepsis induced rats.  Lipid peroxidation (LPO) and glutathione (GSH) levels, as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were measured as biochemical parameters.

In the control group, as compared with sham group, both LPO level and CAT activity increased significantly (p <0.05), in contrast to the decreased amouts of GSH and SOD activity.  In the HRN groups, the LPO and CAT was significantly decreased, and also decreased amouts of GSH and SOD activity was increased dose dependently. According to the results histopathologically, damage findings are decreased as parallel to the biochemical data in a dose-dependent manner. As conclusion HRN dose-dependently decreased sepsis resultant liver damage (p <0.05).

Biography:

Mona Alqahtani is a student in College of Pharmacy- King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract:

Biography:

Collins Ovenseri Airemwen bagged a Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) degree from the University of Benin, Benin-City, Nigeria and a Master of Philosophy degree in Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology with a distinction from the same University in 2016. He is currently pursuing his PhD. He has published more than 8 papers. His research is on controlled drug delivery.

Abstract:

This study was carried out to formulate and evaluate gastro-retentive floating matrix tablets (GRFMTs) of Metformin using Grewia mollis gum.

Grewia polysaccharide gum was obtained from the inner stem bark of the edible plant Grewia mollis, Juss, (Fam. Tiliaceae). Granules were prepared by wet granulation technique using the extracted natural gums at varying concentrations (2, 4, 6 and 8% w/w). Sodium bicarbonate (30%) and tartaric acid (5%) were incorporated as the gas generating agents. All granules were evaluated for micromeritic properties. Granules were compressed at an optimized compression pressure of 35 arbitrary unit on the load scale using a single punch tableting machine. Tablets were evaluated for hardness, friability, floating lag time, in vitro buoyancy test and drug release profiles. Compatibility test of the excipients with the API (metformin) was also done using FTIR.

Results revealed that all formulated GRFM granules were free flowing with angle of repose and Carr’s index ≤ 31^º and ≤ 14% respectively. The floating lag time for GRFM tablets formulated with Grewia mollis was ≤ 850 s. The in vitro buoyancy test of GRFM tablets formulations using the natural gum alone (i.e. without the incorporation of Eudragit^® RL₁₀₀) were <12 h while those formulations with the incorporation of Eudragit^® RL₁₀₀ were >12 h. There was a significant difference in tablet hardness with increase in binder concentration (p<0.05). The % maximum release (m_∞) and time to attain this (t_∞) for all GRFMTs were ≥87% and ≥4 h respectively. All the formulations fitted well into Higuchi model release kinetics. Release exponent (n) for all the formulations have their exponent values > 0.45, hence their release mechanism was by Non-Fickian diffusion.

GRFM tablets of metformin have been developed for the first time using Grewia mollis gum which can sustain drug formulation for up to 10 h and improve the bioavailability of drugs with narrow absorption window in the upper part of the GIT. Batch GM5 showed a better sustained release profile which can be taken as the optimized formulation.

Biography:

TBA

Abstract:

A specific stability indicating high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method for analysis of Tolterodine Tartrate both as a bulk drug and in formulations was developed and validated. The method employed HPTLC aluminum plates precoated with silica gel GF254 (aluminium sheet) as the stationary phase. The optimized mobile phase system consisted of Ethyl acetate: Methanol: TEA (5:5:0.2 v/v/v) which gave compact spots for Tolterodine Tartrate at 𝑅𝑓 of 0.65. Tolterodine Tartrate was subjected to forced degradation studies in order to check the specificity of the method. Analysis of the drug was carried out at 280 nm. The calibration plots showed linear relationship in the concentration range of 800 – 1200 ng per band. Moreover, linearity was also confirmed by verification of homoscedasticity of variance. According to validation studies, the developed method was repeatable and specific as revealed by % RSD less than 2 and hence can be used for routine analysis of pharmaceutical formulation. The % recovery was found to be 99.23% to 101.00%. Stress studies were conducted on the drug substance and product under the ICH prescribed stress condition viz. hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis and thermal stress. The drugs showed sufficient decomposition under acidic and alkaline hydrolysis and oxidation. The forced degradation study data represented that the degradation pattern for Tolterodine Tartrate was in Sunlight > UV light > Acid > H₂O₂ > Base. The developed Stability indicating HPTLC method was found to be sensitive, precise, accurate, economical and reproducible for analysis of pharmaceutical formulation containing Tolterodine Tartrate. Statistical analysis proves that this method can be successfully employed for quantitative analysis of Tolterodine Tartrate in pharmaceutical dosage form.

Biography:

TBA

Abstract:

Introduction:

Antimicrobial resistance(particularly antibiotic resistance) is spreading now, and there are few prospects for the development of new classes of antibiotics in the short term. However, there is today considerable awareness of the need for and political support for action to combat antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobials are being used and misused by patients and healthcare providers. Monitoring antimicrobial prescription and consumption behavior provides insights and tools needed to inform therapy decisions, to assess the public health consequences of antimicrobial misuse and to evaluate the impact resistance containment interventions. All reports from WHO tell us about post antibiotics era that will be start if we don’t work quickly on antibiotics resistance by all efforts and due to situations of my country in Libya now need a lot of studies to decrease corruption in budgets put for health sector.

Experimental methods:

Study made by pilot method and we depend on data collected from dispensing papers of medical supply ward in Al Wahda hospital. 

*medical statistics office of Al Wahda hospital

*Al Wahda hospital laboratory

*data collected for 3months and on 477 in- patients of wahda hospital.

Results and discussion:

After collecting data from dispensing paper that is based on treatment chart, we covered 477 patients for 3months by 2169 ceftri-702 gent-1360 aug-547 cefot-23amik. And we noticed that the percentage of higher antibiotics use was ceftriaxone equal to 45.18 % of totality and use of broad antibiotics rather than narrow  antibiotics by 84.9% and all principles of clinical pharmacology direct to use narrow firstly plus first line antibiotics  therapy as shown in figure 1,2 respectively. And the percentage of patients those received antibiotics that is available in hospital from all patients  was 25.3% . we found that the most higher antibiotic sensitive to bacteria was CIPRO and others appear as shown in table below where Ceftriaxone in lower rank by 2.3% as shown in figure no:3 and we found percentage of cultures done to inpatient was 28.09% to all patients' take antibiotics and others take its blindly and we noticed that the higher bacteria strain diagnosed was staph .c. aur and we found that 70 culture tests from 134 shown no bacterial growth which shows mistake in medical  requests. As shown in fig:no 4, we found the higher ward using antibiotics from all wards is FMW and this ward less one  request to culture by 2 requests along study time.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 4

Conclusion:

1- Dispensing antibiotics depending on treatment chart decrease wasting in hospital budget.

2- Decision of antibiotics use not comply enough with cultures results of our lab.

3- Staph and Kleb, E.coli much more present in(gyne –pediatric) wards in our hospital.

4- No antibiotic should be used recklessly. However difficult it appears to be to select for resistance in vitro. On the other hand, the attitude that 'All new antibiotics should be locked away' risks stifling innovation whilst denying life-saving treatment debate on their use of new anti-gram-positive agents are sure to intensify  and it is vital that they take place on a basis of science not knee-jerk restrictions or over-zealous marketing .

Biography:

Abstract:

Biography:

Abstract:

Biography:

Dr. Krishna Murti has completed  PhD in Pharmaceutical Sciences and has more than 15 years of Experience in academic as well as industry both national and international.His area of interest is diabetes ,cancer and wound healing .Presently ,He is working as Faculty in Department of Pharmacy Practice in NIPER ,Hajipur, institute of National Importance ,established by Government of India. He has published more than 80 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of reputed journals. He is member of several Pharmaceutical bodies. 

Abstract:

Objectives: Comparative effect of fixed dose combination of Telmisartan+Amlodipine versus Telmisartan and Amlodipine alone on Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP), Cystatin - C and blood pressure in essential hypertensive patients.

Methods: A total of 90 patients, fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in the study after obtaining informed consent. Patients were randomized into three treatment groups i.e. Telmisartan 40 mg (Group A), Amlodipine 5 mg (Group B)  and low fixed dose combination of Telmisartan 40 mg +Amlodipine 5 mg (Group C) once daily for three  months. The systolic BP, Diastolic BP, BNP, Cystatin C were recorded at the start of the study and end of the study.              

Results: In the present study, significant reduction of mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP), BNP & Cystatin - C was seen in low fixed dose combination of Amlodipine 5 mg and Telmisartan 40 mg (Group C) compared to Telmisartan 40 mg and Amlodipine 5 mg mono-therapy. Some of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were reported in Amlodipine mono-therapy group, like ankle oedema, headache, constipation and fatigue.

Discussion and Conclusion: Low fixed dose combination therapy appears to be a better therapeutic approach in relation of BP, BNP and Cystatin-C control than mono-therapy for primary hypertensive patients.

Biography:

Prof. M Al-Arifi. Has graduated with Bsc in pharmacy from College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 1986, and finished his PhD, in clinical pharmacy, from School of pharmacy, Queens' University of Belfast, 1993, since then and up till now in the clinical pharmacy department, college of pharmacy King Saud University. Has engaged in teaching and supervising graduate and undergraduate students and published more than fifty articles for the last twenty years.

Abstract:

The study was conducted during the period from May 2006 to September 2006 in Riyadh city. The survey composed of the demographic characteristics of the respondents, asked 6 Likert type questions about the attitudes of the pharmacists toward mental illness,   providing pharmaceutical care to mentally ill patients, the barriers of the provision the service and differentiated between different types of mental illness and compares them with cardiovascular medications.  Although pharmacists have generally positive attitudes toward both mental illness and providing pharmaceutical care to mentally ill patients, they felt uncomfortable counseling or follow-up monitoring patients for adverse drug-related problems when consider distinguishing between different types of mental illness.

Biography:

Matt is a Programme Lead at NHS Health Education England. Matt leads an innovative workforce transformation programme, with a remit to understand and address Emergency and Urgent Care clinical workforce challenges in the UK. Since taking up his current role in April 2013, Matt has developed and led a portfolio of award winning test-of-concept and pilot projects at local, national and international levels. Successes to date include: the development of a national GP Fellowship in Urgent and Acute Care; producing an award-winning, world-first, pharmacist clinician programme; delivering a portfolio of Emergency Medicine Skills training for Staff Grade and Associate Specialists; supporting development of the Physician Associate profession in the UK; developing training and healthcare pathways for the veteran workforce and armed forces community (respectively). Matt and his team deliver programmes with an evidenced ability to enhance workforce capability and improve standards of patient care. 

Abstract:

In the future urgent, acute and emergency medicine clinical workforce, new models of care and care delivery need to be developed, in order to maintain and enhance standards of safe and accessible patient care. A departure from traditional (doctor-led) approaches to workforce planning and an understanding of the scope and governance surrounding emerging clinical roles is necessary to develop a sustainable, multi-skilled workforce across primary, community and secondary care. Today’s healthcare workforce includes an ever-increasing number of non-doctor professionals, undertaking clinical work in the medical domain. The traditional, medicines-focused role of the pharmacist is being challenged by NHS Health Education England (HEE) - the organisation responsible for NHS workforce training and development in England - and its national stakeholders.

It is contended that the future pharmacist clinician should be able to confidently and competently manage patients at an advanced clinical level – with health assessment, diagnostics and clinical examination skills comparable with that of a mid-level clinician. A recent three-year programme undertaken by HEE, evaluated the potential for pharmacists to manage patients in the emergency department and across urgent and acute care in England. Evidence from the ‘Pharmacists in Emergency Departments’ (PIED) suite of studies suggests that pharmacists with advanced training may clinically manage up to 36% of patients attending emergency departments. The HEE programme examines this data and proposes enhanced clinical development pathways for pharmacists. The programme team propose a change in thinking around the deployment of pharmacists in the future integrated clinical workforce across urgent, acute and emergency care.

Biography:

Fadhila Helnisa has completed her bachelor degree from Faculty of Pharmacy on 2014, Andalas University (Indonesia) and has successfully fulfilled all the academic requirements of Indonesian Pharmacist Profession on 2015. Now, she is studying at Master of Toxicology, University of Birmingham.

Abstract:

A study on clinical pharmacokinetics aspect of drugs in patients with hypertension at the Internal Medicine Department of Hospital Padang Panjang (Indonesia) has been conducted. The aims of the research was to determine the accuracy of antihypertensive medications to achieve targeted blood pressure and to assess the dosage regimen based on liver and/or kidney functions, also drug interactions. The study was performed from December 2013 to February 2014. This is observational prospective study with 49 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was analyzed descriptively. Results showed that 60.42% antihypertensive medications were effective but 39.58% not effective to reach the targeted blood pressure. There were 3 cases in appropriate dose regimen covering 1 case digoxin, 1 case furosemid and 1 case captopril. From the cases, doses exceed individual dose included digoxin and captopril.  There were 14 cases of pharmacokinetic interactions and 2 cases of pharmacodynamic interactions. Interaction between amlodipine and diltiazem (7 patients, 14.58%) influenced the blood pressure control in patient. These are pharmacokinetic interaction because diltiazem decreases metabolism of amlodipine by inhibiting enzyme CYP 3A3/4.

Biography:

Abstract:

Background: Medication-related hospital admissions in Australia have previously been estimated to account for approximately 3% of all hospital admissions, with hospital entry points being a point of vulnerability. The timely medication review and reconciliation by a pharmacist at the early stage of an admission for patients admitted to the Acute Medical Unit (AMU) would be beneficial. Setting: The Emergency Department (ED) and AMU in a 300 bed tertiary teaching hospital, in South Australia. Objective: To investigate the impact of a Medical Admissions (MA) pharmacist on the proportion of AMU patients who receive a complete and accurate medication history by a pharmacist prior to admission and within 4 h of presentation. Method: This prospective observational study with a non-concurrent parallel study design examined a standard clinical pharmacist service within the AMU and ED to a Medical Admissions (MA) Pharmacist, in addition to the standard AMU and ED pharmacist service. Continuous variables were analysed using a two sample t test, whilst categorical data were analysed using Fisher’s exact test. Risk ratios were also calculated for categorical data, with p < 0.05 taken as statistically significant. Main outcome measures: Rates of completion of a complete medication history prior to admission and proportion of patients seen within 4 h of presentation by a pharmacist. Results: The intervention resulted in more patients receiving a complete medication history prior to admission (2.7% in the control group vs 18.5%, p < 0.01) and being seen by the pharmacist within 4 h of presentation (1.6% in the control group vs 7.5%, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Implementation of an extended hours clinical pharmacy service in the form of a medical admissions pharmacist based in the ED significantly increased the number of complete medication histories and clinical reviews completed for patients being admitted to an AMU. These were also completed earlier in the patients’ admission. There was also a small trend toward increasing the proportion of patients discharged by 11 am in the intervention group.

Biography:

Alamelu AL, a 20 year old research enthusiast is doing her 3^rd year M.B.B.S in Govt. Kilpauk medical college and hospital. Being a budding researcher, she loves to gain knowledge in the field of research by exploring various conferences. She has published a paper in an indexed journal and waiting to contribute to the field of research in future.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Stroke is one of the most devastating neurological conditions. Diabetes mellitus is a well-established independent risk factor for stroke. Metformin in addition to its anti-hyperglycaemic effects provides additional cardioprotective effects due to its action on lipid metabolism, endothelial function and platelet activity. Better cerebrovascular outcomes are seen with Metformin due to the fact that it reduces the risk of thrombosis through its effect on fibrinolysis by lowering PAI-1 concentration along with Metformin induced increase in insulin sensitivity. Thus Metformin could be developed into a disease modifying drug to treat stroke. But the association between the duration of Metformin therapy and the severity of stroke has not yet been assessed so far. This study aims at assessing the impact of Metformin and its duration of use on the severity of ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 DM.

OBJECTIVES: To measure the severity of stroke using NIHSS and mRS score and to correlate the severity of stroke with the duration of  Metformin therapy.

METHODS: This is a comparative cross sectional study comprising 60 stroke patients with type 2 DM, without severe renal impairment (serum creatinine < 1.7 mg/dl). Severity of stroke was assessed using National Institute of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale(mRS). The correlation between the stroke severity and metformin use was expressed as correlation coefficient. T-test was used for testing significance between proportions. p < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

RESULTS: The mRS score was statistically significant indicating that metformin therapy was associated with decreased severity of stroke showing improvements in functional outcomes (p = 0.017, CI – 95%). However the NIHSS score was not statistically significant (p = 0.114, CI – 95%) and no significant correlation was found between the duration of metformin use and severity of stroke.

CONCLUSION: Metformin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus improves functional outcomes of stroke. However in this study, the correlation between the duration of metformin use and the severity of stroke was statistically not significant. The smaller sample size could have limited the statistical interpretation of data. A proper documentation and recording of treatment history of the patients with a larger population size could increase the statistical significance of the study. 

Biography:

Mr. Kaselekela Ponshano completed his advanced diploma in Pharmacy at the age of 27 years from Evelyn Hone College, Zambia and advanced studies in the rational management of medicines from Swiss Tropical Institute, Switzerland. He is the coordinator for pharmacovigilance in the northern region of Zambia. He has published more than 2 papers in reputed journals and has served as the secretary for the Copperbelt University Senior Administrative Staff association (CUSASA). He is the current senior Pharmacy technologist at the Copperbelt University.

Abstract:

Hypertension is described as the persistent increase in blood pressure (BP) above 120/80mmg. With the introduction of newer medicines such as TELMA-H (Telmisartan + hydrochlorothiazide) as well as Amlodipine, many patients used to take other antihypertensive drugs for the management of hypertension which proved to be not bearing positive results to some patients. TELMA-H plus Amlodipine drug was suggested to be introduced to some of the hypertensive patients whose responses to other antihypertensive were not good. A study was done to assess its effectiveness at the Copperbelt University health facility.

A total of 35 male and female clients with unstable BP as well as those not responding well on other antihypertensive drugs were enrolled on the study. The patient’s drug regiments were changed upon their review dates. A register was then opened for all the clients enrolled. The information captured on the register included names of Clients, their current BP, their previous drug regiments and the dates the therapy changed. The treatment were administered once daily for 2 months. A follow- up was made to all patients weekly starting from 1 to 8. Every week there BP were monitored and measured.

Reduced BP was observed to the desired levels. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure reduction were identified in all the clients than to those whom we did not change the therapy. The reduction in BP improved the quality life. treatment of hypertension using TELMA-H plus Amlodipine was proved to be effective in the management of hypertension.

Biography:

He has completed M.Phil. From Quaid I Azam University, Islamabad and has published more than 6 research papers.

Abstract:

Objective: To describe and analyze the prevalent prescribing trends of anti-asthmatics drugs among 1-12 year old children in Lahore, a major city of Pakistan, is the objective of this study. In addition, the study attempts to determine the most prevalent type of asthma amongst the stated age group of subjects. Method: Drug utilization data was recorded from 100 prescriptions collected from Children Hospital, Model Town, Lahore, during the study period of December 2014 to December 2015. The study subjects were randomly selected with 18% falling in the age group of 0-4, 48% from the age group 4-8 and 34% falling in the age range of 8-12. There were 44% of female subjects and 56% of males. Combination therapy utilization was found in 99 patients while mono-therapy was employed in 1 subject. Results: The study results reveal that the most common form of asthma prevalent in the study sample is intermittent asthma. The majority of the patients receiving therapeutic regimens have at least 3 drugs per prescription. An interesting aspect highlighted by the study is the practice of using trade names in prescribing drugs and its implications. Albuterol was prescribed in 34.90% of the subjects, followed Montelukast at 29.41%, Flixitide occupied the third rank
at 12.16% followed by Salmetrol + Fluticasone combination at 7.84%, Clenil and loratidine occupied 5.49%, Prednisolone 3.14% and lastly Cetirizine at 1.18%. Conclusion: Polypharmacy was practiced in all patients with the exception of one. We also found that therapeutic regimens were irrationally prescribed to children which could cause damage to their vital organs. Thus, intensifying the need of proper strategy development to ensure appropriate and efficient use of resources. Furthermore, continuing educational programs for the physicians and patients on rational drug prescribing and utilization are
needed to pave way for positive patient outcomes.

Biography:

Rahul Kumar is presently pursuing PhD in Pharmacy Practice in National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hajipur, an institute of national importance established by Government of India. He has comleted his Masters from NIPER, Hajipur and B.Pharm from Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences (MCOPS), Manipal University, Manipal (both being premiere institutes of India). He has qualified national level exams for scholarships from AICTE and NIPER during masters as well as during  PhD. His research interest includes Clinical Pharmacy in Oncology, Public Health and Environmental Health.

Abstract:

Cervical cancer is the second most common gynecological malignancy worldwide. According to HPV Information Centre, Spain (Aug’ 2014), in India approximately 1,22,844 women are diagnosed with the disease every year and of them 67,477 die due to the disease. The etiology is multifactorial. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is important peroxide which is a measurement of oxidative stress and can be a predictive in the early detection of cervix cancer. This study has been undertaken to investigate the association of Arsenic and malondialdehyde (MDA) level with haematological changes at the first clinical presentation. Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) assay was performed on the blood serum samples taken from the freshly diagnosed cervical cancer patients. For haematological changes, haematocytometer and Sahli’s method was followed. Mean MDA level in the serum of freshly diagnosed cervix cancer patients was found to be elevated than the healthy volunteers. Mean RBC count was found to be comparatively less than the normal and mean WBC was found to be comparatively higher than the normal. MDA may have a predictive role in treatment response. MDA levels are higher in patients of cervical cancer and suffer from haematological derangements. Arsenic is also one of the agents for causing Oxidative Stress. Arsenic is considered responsible for generation of free radicals and eventually for apoptosis. Arsenic estimation was performed with the help of Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). RBC count and Heamoglobin levels were performed according to standard protocol. MDA was in direct proportion with arsenic concentration and inversely proportional to RBC and Haemoglobin in CaCx  patients. Arsenic is one of the major causative agents for oxidative stress and hence may be a risk factor leading to cancer including CaCx.

Biography:

Idin Alikhani, 3^rd year pharmacy student of  Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.

Abstract:

Introduction and Background: The impacts of self-medication on the health care costs and patients safety are very significant. Therefore, realizing drugs that is being requested more frequent by people from pharmacies can help finding a reasonable and rational solution to this problem. All around the world, it is evaluated that half of all medicines are prescribed, dispensed or sold inappropriately, and half of all patients do not take their drugs properly. Inappropriate use of drugs is costly and extremely detrimental for both individual and society.

Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 100 pharmacies (More than 80% of established pharmacies in Kermanshah) filled a 10-item researcher made questionnaire. Data were analyzed using analytic statistical programs.

Results: Results showed that the following drugs had most frequency in patients’ requests: Cap Amoxicillin 500 mg (85.7%), Cap Gelofen® 400 mg (84.4%), Tab Acetaminophen codeine (76.6%), Tab Adult cold (75.3%), Tab Ranitidine (67.5%), Amp Dexamethasone (61.0%), Syr Diphenhydramine compound (53.2%), Vial penicillin 6.3.3 (44.1%), Tab Alprazolam 1 mg (36.3%), cap Novafen® (26.5%)

Discussion and Conclusion: The most important reason of self-medication could be due to 1- Self-awareness assumption about medical and pharmaceutical issues 2- Consumption of mentioned drugs in non-serious illnesses such as common cold, headache, gastrointestinal diseases and sleep disorders 3- Frequent suffering disorders which lead to take medicine, 4- Physician’s crowded office 5- High cost of medical care services, low income and social poverty.

Biography:

Abstract:

The strategy of price liberalisation and privatisation had been implemented in Sudan over the last decade, and has had a positive result on government deficit. The investment law approved recently has good statements and rules on the above strategy in particular to pharmacy regulations. Under the pressure of the new privatisation policy, the government introduced radical changes in the pharmacy regulations. To improve the effectiveness of the public pharmacy, resources should be switched towards areas of need, reducing inequalities and promoting better health conditions. Medicines are financed either through cost sharing or full private. The role of the private services is significant. A review of reform of financing medicines in Sudan is given in this study. Also, it highlights the current drug supply system in the public sector, which is currently responsibility of the Central Medical Supplies Public Corporation (CMS). In Sudan, the researchers did not identify any rigorous evaluations or quantitative studies about the impact of drug regulations on the quality of medicines and how to protect public health against counterfeit or low quality medicines, although it is practically possible. However, the regulations must be continually evaluated to ensure the public health is protected against by marketing high quality medicines rather than commercial interests, and the drug companies are held accountable for their conduct.